洋菇褐痘病之研究
Other Title
Studies on the Bubble Disease of Cultivated Mushroom
Journal
農業研究
Journal Volume
20
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
54
End Page
65
Date Issued
1971-09-07
Date
1971-09-07
Author(s)
杜自彊
洪忠和
T.C. Dough
C.H. Hung
Abstract
為明瞭洋菇褐痘病病菌之生理性質及本病之有效防治方法而學行本試驗。玆將本試驗所得之結果摘要如下：
洋菇褐痘病菌在培養基上的生長優劣，以燕麥培養基為最佳，酵母抽出液次之，其餘順序為堆肥抽出液Czapek Agar，馬鈴薯洋菜，麥芽抽出液等培養基。增殖培養源以小麥為最佳，其次是玉米，但堆肥則不能生長。在溫度適應方面，以24℃生長最佳，對高溫之抗力甚弱，在55℃下乾熱4分鐘，或濕熱1分鐘即死亡。對不同pH值之生長差異，到對酸性之適應力較強，即至pH 4.4生長尚頗為良好，而對鹼性之適應力較弱，在pH 8.4時菌絲生長即甚微弱。
藥劑防治以Dithane A-40及Dithane Z-78為有效藥劑，Dithane A-40 1,000倍稀釋液防洽效果最佳，每坪地每天施用1公升，連續兩次，藥害輕，且藥效持續力亦較長，Dithane Z-78 600倍每坪地施藥一公升，3天施藥一次，連續三次，效果與Dithan A-40 1,000倍相近，但藥害大，小菇菇體變黃。
Experiments were made to determine some of the causal fungus of bubble disease and find an effective control method. The results are summarized as follows:
The mycellial growth of the fungus was found best on oatmeal agar and in decreasing order on compost extract agar, Czapek agar, potato dextrose agar, and malt extract agar. As for the grain media, the pathogen grow satisfactorily on wheat, and less so no corn. 25℃ was the optimum temperatures for mycelial growth, the fungus did not tolerate high temperature and was killed at 55℃ after 4 minutes and 1 minute respectively where expored to dry heat and wet heat. The pathogen growth reacted differently in various pH ranges. In general, it had a wide pH range for growth a considerable growth could occur at pH 4.4 but only very restricted growth occurred at pH 8.4.
Dithane A-40 and Dithane Z-78 were found effective in controlling the fungus. Less phytotoxicity and longer effect resulted from spraying 1 liter of dilute Dithane A-40 diluted 1:1,000 per pin on two successive days. Than with 3 application of 1 liter of dilute Dithane Z-78, 600X, per pin at three day intervals. Phytotoxicity was exhibited in the latter case by producing yellow mushroom buttom.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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