臺灣稻縱捲葉蟲天敵之研究
Other Title
Studies on natural enemies of Cnaphaiocrocis medinalis in Taiwan
Start Page
283
End Page
292
Date Issued
1984-12
Date
1984-12
Author(s)
陳健忠
邱瑞珍
Chien-Chung Chen
Shui-Chen Chiu
Abstract
70-72年在中、南部以及花蓮等11個地區調查得稻縱捲葉蟲(Cnaplzalocrocis medinalis)天敵25種，包括寄生蜂20種、寄生蠅l種、病原菌2種、捕食性蜘蛛2種。寄生性天敵中以Trichogramma chilonis, Apanteles cypris及Trichomma cnaphalocrocis寄生率為較高在18~96%之間。寄生蜂之棲群變動與稻縱捲葉蟲各蟲期之發生有關。
Dipel (Bacillus thuringiensis)在濃度0.02%時對縱捲葉蟲一齡幼蟲之致死率約為96.6%而其對卵寄生蜂之幼蟲、蛹及成蟲均不具毒性。
卵寄生蜂T. chilonis可用外米綴峨(Corc-yra cephalonicu)卵為代用寄主予以大量繁殖。在30~32℃恆溫下該蜂由卵發育至成蟲需132~149小時，最為適合。
常用於防治水稻褐飛蝨之氨基甲酸鹽殺蟲劑MIPC, Hokbal, Lannate, Furaban及防治稻熱病之殺菌劑Hinosan均對卵寄生蜂具高毒性，現行推慶防治稻蟲用之有機磷劑Kilva則毒性很低，應予選用。
A survey of the natural enemies of the rice leaf roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae), was conducted at 11 sites in Taiwan during July 1981 until June 1983. In all, 25 species of natural enemies, including 21 parasitoids, 2 pathogens, and 2 predacious spiders were collected. Among these parasitoids, Trichogramma chilo- nis, Apanleles cypris, and Trichomma cnaphalocrocis demonstrated particularly high rates of parasitization. The population of parasitic Hymenoptera changed in direct correlation with the rice leaf roller’s different life stages.
Dipel (Bacillus thuringiensis) at a concentration of 0.02% was found to kill the 1st instar larvae of the rice leaf roller at a mortality rate of 96.6% in the laboratory. A suitable spreader-sticker (CS-7), combined withe Dipel, improved larvicidal effectiveness. Dipel was non-toxic to larvae, pupae, and adults of T. chilonis.
The Corcyra cephalonica (Lepidoptera : Galleriidae), an insect pest of stored grain, was found to be a good alternate host for mass rearing of T. chilonis. 132 hours at 32℃ were needed for development from egg to adult.
Four carbamate insecticides, viz., MIPC, Hokbal, Lannate, and Furadan, which are usually used to control the brown planthopper, proved to be highly toxic to T. chilonis. A fungicide, Hinosan, was also found to have the same effect.
Publisher
臺灣省農業試驗所
Type
book part
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