探討植物揮發性有機化合物的生物性功能
Other Title
Exploring the Biological Functions of Plant Volatile Organic Compounds
Journal
台灣農業研究
Journal Volume
74
Journal Issue
2
Start Page
141
End Page
150
ISSN
2790-086X
Date Issued
2025-06-04
Author(s)
Abstract
植物釋放的揮發性有機化合物 (plant volatile organic compounds; pVOCs) 在生態體系中具有不同的生物性功能，如啟動植物防禦機制、植物間訊號傳遞、協助授粉與種子傳播、促進作物生長與適應環境逆境及提高農產品品質等。當植物遭受植食性害蟲攻擊時，會誘導釋放特殊的揮發性物質 (herbivore-induced plant volatiles; HIPVs)，吸引害蟲的天敵並啟動鄰近植物的防禦反應。此外，pVOCs 還可透過植物間訊號傳遞機制，提升鄰近植株對逆境的抵抗能力。pVOCs 的生合成來自多種生化途徑，且可分成四大類包含萜類化合物 (terpenoids)、苯丙烷類/苯類 (phenylpropanoids/benzenoids) 化合物、脂肪酸 (fatty acid) 及胺基酸 (amino acid) 衍生物。另一方面，環境因子會影響 pVOCs 的釋放量、成分含量及化學組成，其中又以溫度為關鍵因素。 pVOCs 可作為生物防治與有機農業應用的潛在工具，惟其易揮發性、高生物降解性、環境干擾穩定性及生產成本高等問題，導致在農業上的應用仍受限制。若要擴大 pVOCs 的應用，仍需進一步研究與技術優化，以期能克服限制並取代傳統農藥，進而提升農業永續性。
Plant volatile organic compounds (pVOCs) exhibit various biological functions in ecosystems. These include activating plant defense mechanisms, facilitating plant-to-plant signaling, aiding in pol-lination and seed dispersal, promoting crop growth and environmental adaptation, and enhancing agri-cultural product quality. When herbivorous insects attack plants, they induce plants to release specific volatile compounds, known as herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), which attract natural ene-mies of pests and trigger defense responses in neighboring plants. Additionally, pVOCs involve plant-to-plant communication, enhancing the resistance of surrounding plants under stresses. The biosynthe-sis of pVOCs originates from multiple biochemical pathways and can be categorized into four major groups: terpenoids, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, fatty acid derivatives, and amino acid derivatives. On the other hand, environmental factors influence the emission levels, composition, and chemical properties of pVOCs, with temperature being a key determinant. The pVOCs show significant poten-tial as biocontrol agents for organic agriculture. However, their high volatility, rapid biodegradability, sensitivity to environmental conditions, and high production costs pose challenges to their widespread agricultural application. Further research and technical improvements are needed to overcome limita-tions before pVOCs can effectively replace traditional pesticides in sustainable agriculture.
Subjects
揮發性有機化合物
生物性功能
萜類化合物
生合成
溫度
Volatile organic compounds
Biological functions
Terpenoids
Biosynthesis
Temperature
Publisher
農業部農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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