三十年來台灣瓜類病毒病害的流行趨勢演變
Other Title
Evolutionary change of trends in prevalence of cucurbits-infecting viruses in Taiwan, 1981-2011
Start Page
147
End Page
163
ISBN
978-986-02-8242-9
Date Issued
2011-07
Date
2011-07
Author(s)
鄧汀欽
Ting-Chin Deng
Abstract
台灣瓜類栽培面積廣且週年都有生產，時空重疊或銜接的結果，使得瓜類病毒病流行不絕，為生產體系中的限制因子。現有紀錄感染台灣瓜類的病毒有16種，包括蚜蟲傳播的：甜菜西方黃化病毒(Beet western yellows virus, BWYV)、瓜類蚜媒黃化病毒 (Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus, CABYV)、胡瓜嵌紋病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV)、甜瓜蚜媒黃化病毒(Melon aphid-borne yellows virus, MABYV)、甜瓜脈綠嵌紋病毒 (Melon vein-banding mosaic virus, MVbMV)、木瓜輪點病毒 (Papaya ringspot virus, PRSV)、絲瓜蚜媒黃化病毒 (Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus, SABYV)、矮南瓜黃化嵌紋病毒 (Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV)；薊馬傳播的：海芋黃班病毒 (Calla lily chlorotic spot virus, CCSV)、甜瓜黃班病毒 (Melon yellow spot virus, MYSV)、番茄斑點萎凋病毒 (Tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV)、西瓜銀斑紋病毒 (Watermelon silver mottle virus, WSMoV)；粉蝨傳播的：瓜類退綠黃化病毒 (Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, CCYV)、南瓜捲葉菲律賓病毒 (Squash leaf curl Philippine virus, SLCPHV)、番茄捲葉新德里病毒 (Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV)，及種子傳播的：胡瓜綠斑嵌紋病毒 (Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, CGMMV)。其中 CGMMV、CMV、MVbMV、MYSV、PRSV、ToLCNDV、及 ZYMV 還可經由病株汁液傳播。
台灣自1944年農家便覽即有瓜類病毒病害記錄，到最近的報告數據顯示，蚜蟲媒介傳播的病毒一直都是瓜類作物上主要的流行病毒，包括 ZYMV、PRSV、及 CMV 以非永續性方式，CABYV 以永續性方式傳播。1990s 年代南黃薊馬 (Thrips palmi) 以永續型方式傳播的 tospoviruses 崛起，WSMoV 及 MYSV 陸續成為主流病毒。銀葉粉蝨 (Bemisia argentifolii) 入侵立足台灣後，begomoviruses 靠其媒介傳播感染瓜類，其中 SLCPHV 為 2008年以來造成洋香瓜絕產的流行病毒。
2009年中爆發另一粉蝨傳播的病毒 CCYV，短期內台灣各種瓜類皆受其感染。但2011 年初由於連續低溫，開春較晚，粉蝨蟲媒密度低，病毒病疫情得以稍緩。
Cucurbits are cultivated widely and annually in Taiwan and the growth periods or field spaces are always overlapped or linked up that give rise to prevalence of viral diseases. Incessantly prevailing virus infection is a restriction factor in the production of cucurbits. In Taiwan, cucurbits are infected by 16 species of viruses, including the aphid-transmitted viruses: Beet western yellows virus (BWYV), Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Melon aphid-borne yellows virus (MABYV), Melon vein-banding mosaic virus (MVbMV), Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus (SABYV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV); the thrips-transmitted viruses: Calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV), Melon yellow spot virus (MYSV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV); the whitefly-transmitted viruses: Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), Squash leaf curl Philippine virus (SLCPHV), Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), and the seed-transmitted Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV). Among them, CGMMV, CMV, MVbMV, MYSV, PRSV, ToLCNDV, and ZYMV can also be mechanically transmitted with diseased plant sap. Cucurbit virus occurred in Taiwan has been recorded since 1944, and the current data show that the aphid-transmitted viruses have been the most prevalent in cucurbits all the time. They
are ZYMV, PRSV, and CMV which are transmitted by non-persistent manner and
CABYV by persistent manner. Tospoviruses which are persistently transmitted by
thrips (Thrips palmi) in Taiwan emerged in 1990s and ever since WSMoV and MYSV
have become the major viruses successively. Begomoviruses were extensively spread after their vector the silver leaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii) invaded and established in Taiwan. Among the begomoviruses SLCPHV has become the major prevalent virus and has almost wiped out the muskmelon production since 2008. Another whitefly-transmitted virus is CCYV which broke out in 2009. All cucurbit cultivars in Taiwan were infected by CCYV in a very short period. However, due to the continuing low temperature, the relatively late start of spring, and the low whitefly population density at the beginning of 2011, the virus epidemic was slightly lessened.
Event(s)
農作物害蟲及其媒介病害整合防治技術研討會
Proceedings of the Symposium on Integrated Management Technology of Insect Vectors and Insect-Borne Diseases
Subjects
葫蘆科
流行
蚜蟲傳播
薊馬傳播
粉蝨傳播
Cucurbitaceae
Prevalence
Aphid-transmitted
Thrips-transmitted
Whitefly-transmitted
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
book part
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