木瓜害蟎種類及防治用藥之選擇
Other Title
An investigation of spider mites on papaya and reevaluation of some acaricides
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
47
Journal Issue
3
Pages
273-279
Date Issued
2005-03
Date
2005-03
Author(s)
盧秋通
王清玲
Lu, C. T.
Wang, C. L.
Abstract
木瓜（Carica papaya Linn）在台灣經引種及育種改良後有日陞、台農等品種，
2004 年栽培面積約有3000 公頃(2)，為一重要的經濟果樹。自1975 年在高雄縣境
內遭受蚜蟲傳播的輪點毒素病侵襲後(1, 14)，開始利用網室設施栽培之管理方式，
阻擋蚜蟲的入侵，以預防毒素病的傳播與發生(11)。網室栽培防範蚜蟲成效雖卓
著，但是網室內高溫通風不良，就成為小型害蟲及害蟎發生的溫床(12)。木瓜重要
的害蟲蟎包括有葉蟎、蚜蟲及介殼蟲等(10, 14, 17)，葉蟎是網室設施內為害最嚴重的
害蟎，如為害嚴重將造成受害葉片乾枯脫落(12, 13)，進而導致果實品質不良。因體
型細小，為害初期不易被發現，生活史短，且易產生抗藥性，防治困難，為有效
防治木瓜葉蟎的為害及提升其產品的品質，對木瓜葉蟎的種類進行調查，以瞭解
為害木瓜的葉蟎發生情形；又為有效防治葉蟎，降低藥劑的使用量及次數，並且
配合生物防治，避免天敵釋放後遭藥劑的毒害，亦進行測試評估目前政府正式核
准使用於木瓜葉蟎的防治藥劑對草蛉與智利捕植蟎之毒性。
Five species of spider mites were found on papaya: Tetranychus kanzawai
Kishida, T. cinnabarinus Boisduval, T. urticae Koch, Panonychus citri (McGregor),
and Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein). T. kanzawai was the most-serious one, followed
by P. citri. E. orientalis is reported for first time on papaya, and was found only rarely.
Laboratory acaricide tests of natural enemies showed that among the five acaricides,
halfenprox 5% CS (500-fold) and milbemectin 1% EC (1500-fold) were more toxic to
1st instar larvae of Mallada basalis (Walker) and all stages of Phytoseiulus persimilis
Athias-Henriot. While these 2 acaricides had a good effect on T. kanzawai, the
survival rates of adults and immature stages were below 26.3% after 72 h. halfenprox
5% CS (500-fold), milbemectin 1% EC (1500-fold) and fenazaquim 18.3% SC
(3000-fold) had good action on P. citri. The survival rates of adults and immature
stages were below 37.5% after 72 h. Further studies are needed to select effective
acaricides which are less toxic to natural enemies
Subjects
木瓜
捕植蟎
天敵
殺蟎劑篩選
papaya
spider mite
natural enemy
acaricide screening
Publisher
中華植物保護學會
Type
journal article
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