設施作物之病害管理
Other Title
Disease Management of Crops Production under
Start Page
18
End Page
31
ISBN
9789860551747
Date Issued
2017-12
Date
2017-12
Author(s)
黃晉興
Jin-Hsing Huang
Abstract
所謂設施作物指的是作物栽培於簡易型如防蟲網，先進的如溫室，高級的如密閉型人工光源的植物工廠，而在此設施下栽培作物的主要目的是期望能避免不良環境與氣候的影響，減少病蟲害的發生，而能穩定農作物的生產、提高農作物的產量與維持農產品的品質。然而實際的栽培過程中，雖然大部分的病原菌可被隔絶在設施之外或不易在設施內傳播，但要在設施內完全隔絶病害的發生是非常困難的，少部分的病原菌仍有機會進入設施內引起作物病害。作物在設施內栽培的過程中，發生的病害種類理論上會比露天栽培者少，但有些病害在設施內一旦發生，反而會比露天栽培嚴重，並非想像中在設施內栽培作物病害就一定會消失或減少。故病害管理首重了解可能會在設施內發生的作物病害種類，可利用設施系統與栽培流程以減少病原菌進入設施的機會，一旦設施內發生了病害，則藉由了解病原菌傳播的途徑，利用栽培流程的改變與設施環境調控，配合化學、生物農藥或其他防治資材的施用，以減少病害造成的損失。
The so-called crop production under structure refers to the cultivation of crops in the simple type structures, such as insect nets, advanced, such as greenhouses, high-level, such as closed artificial light plant factory. The purposes of crop cultivation under structure are not only to avoid the impact of adverse environment and climate but also to reduce the pest damage, thus the production and quality of crop products may be improved. During the cultivation process, most of the pathogens can be isolated outside the structures or difficult to spread under the structures, but it is very difficult to completely keep the pathogens out of the structures. Factually, a small number of pathogens will access into the greenhouses and cause severe diseases. Occurrence of plant diseases may be comparatively less in greenhouses than that in fields; however, sometimes some diseases happen more severe in greenhouses. It is not as we imagine that the plant diseases will disappear or diminish under structures. For disease management, it is important to realize what kind of diseases will happen on the crops cultivated under structures, and then to avoid the pathogens coming into structures accordingly. Once the diseases break out inside the structures, it is also important to survey the pathways of pathogen transmission. Therefore, the disease can be controlled by changing the cultivation processes, adjusting greenhouse condition, spraying chemicals and/or biocontrol agents and/or safety plant protectants to mitigate the yield loss.
Event(s)
2016 設施蔬果病蟲害管理暨安全生產研討會
Proceedings of the Symposium on Pest Management and Safety of Facility Cultivation
Subjects
設施作物
病害管理
crops cultivation under structures
disease management
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
book part
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no205-3.pdf
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2.36 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
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