洋菇菌絲核行為的觀察

彭金騰; 吳龍溪; Jin-Torng Peng; Lung-Chi Wu; 彭金騰; 吳龍溪

doi:10.6964/JCSHS.197211.0300

洋菇菌絲核行為的觀察

Other Title

Some Observations on Nuclear Behaviour in Hyphal Cell of Cultivated Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing.)

Journal

中國園藝

Journal Volume

18

Journal Issue

6

Pages

300-308

Date Issued

1972-11-01

Date

1972-11-01

Author(s)

彭金騰

吳龍溪

Jin-Torng Peng

Lung-Chi Wu

DOI

10.6964/JCSHS.197211.0300

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/4821

Abstract

洋菇液態培養菌絲以吉氏染液染色，可見爲多核，4~8核爲多，罕有12核以上者。靜止期其大小約0.9~1.4μ，而分裂法則可分爲一般典型體細胞分裂與特殊型細胞分裂兩種。前者之前期有染色體逐漸變粗短之現象，而在前期末或中期初則可見分散獨立之染色體，後期染色體分裂，而後分向兩極移動並重新組成核。未見有配對分裂。目前臺灣推廣之洋菇品種白色品系#547, #543及褐色品系之菌絲，在分裂前期末或中期初均可見9條單套染色體，亦偶見6條及18條者。特殊型之細胞分裂爲9條染色體連成細線，逐漸收縮變粗短，而後縱裂爲2，兩染色體線分別移向兩極，其方向與細胞縱軸平行，到達兩極後則收縮成球狀。分裂過程中，核膜似已消失，在染色體線上未見中心體。染色體縱裂方式不一，有染色體各自獨立分裂者，亦有始自一端者。異核接近或並排而同時分裂。可能導致核染色體之重新組合或非整倍多元體，此等現象可能與洋菇之變異有關。 The nuclear behavior in hyphae grown under submerged liquid medium has been studies by HCl-Giemsa technique. The haploid chromosome number in hyphae for #547 and #543 of Agaricus bisporus (Lang.) Sing. commercially cultivated in Taiwan is nine and those of brown variety (#202) and one monosporous culture of #547 and its two vegetative segregants, i. e. #8-1 and #8-3, are also nine. Six and 18 chromosomes can also be found rarely in hyphal cell. Classical mitosis as well as non-classical mitosis takes place in hyphae. No distinct spindle fiber or centriole is visible in both mode of nuclear division. The former is approximately followed by the conventional mitotic sequence and nine morphorlogically distinct chromosomes are demonstrated at the end of of prophase, Nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear at the prophase. The non-classical mitosis is similar to the nuclear division scheme of Neurospora crassa proposed by Dowding and Weijer. The sequences of such division may be consecutively occurred in mitosis as follows: 1. Increasing in size of interphase nuclei. 2. A network appearing within as sphaerical membrane. 3. Chromosomes associating into an elongated chromosome thread. 4. Contraction of the thread. resulting in nine distinct. 6. Moving of daughter thread into two pole and rounding. Laggard chromosome appears at the end of division. Mass of nuclear strand occurs in the lumen, of hyphae.

Subjects

洋菇

菌絲核

Publisher

臺灣園藝學會

Type

journal article

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