影響豌豆種子傳播葉枯病菌的因子

陳美杏; 黃振文; Chen, M.H.; Huang, J.W.; 陳美杏; 黃振文; Chen, M.H.; Huang, J.W.

影響豌豆種子傳播葉枯病菌的因子

Other Title

Factors affecting seed transmission of leaf blight pathogen of garden peas, Mycospliaerella pinodes

Journal

植物保護學會會刊

Journal Volume

36

Journal Issue

3

Pages

189-200

Date Issued

1994-08

Date

1994-08

Author(s)

陳美杏

黃振文

Chen, M.H.

Huang, J.W.

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/4649

Abstract

豌豆葉枯病菌(Mycosphaerella pinodes)可經由豌豆種子傳播至幼苗，並引起幼苗胚軸表皮出現褐變壞疽的病徵。豌豆的品種與豌豆栽植的土壤來源、酸鹼值、溫度及藥劑處理等因子均可影響豌豆種子傳播本病原菌的效果。將接種M. pinodes的豌豆種子播種7～21天後，發現M. pinodes在豌豆台中十三號品種增殖的菌體數約為台中十一號品種的15～50倍。就土壤來源而言，溪湖與大里兩地的土壤較大南與霧峰兩地之土壤更有利於M. pinodes經由種子為害豌豆幼苗的胚軸。此外，豌豆種子播種在pH4.5～5.0的土壤比在pH6.5～8.5者更可促進M. pinode，菌體數量的增殖及為害幼苗的胚軸。在土溫20℃時，M. pinodes在豌豆種子增殖的菌體數最多，但卻在15℃時，引起植株地基部的褐變最長。在土表噴佈十種殺菌劑或除草劑後，發現僅拉草(Alachor)可顯著促進M. pinodes為害豌豆植株的莖基部。 Dark-brown necrotic symptoms were observed on the epicotyl and hypocotyl of seedlings grown from seeds of garden peas (cv. TC-11 and TC-13) infested with Mycosphaerella pinodes, the causal agent of leaf blight. The population proliferation of M. pinodes was higher on the seed of TC-13 than that of TC-11 after the infested seeds were sown in the potted soil for one to three weeks. There was no much difference in population multiplication of M. pinodes on the infested seeds sown in four soils collected, respectively, from Tali, Chihu, Wufeng, and Dainan areas. However, seedlings grown from the infested seeds sown in Tali and Chihu soils showed more severely discolored symptoms on their epicotyls and hypocotyls caused by the pathogen than those in Dainan and Wufeng soils. The soil pH ranging from 4.5 to 5.0 was most favorable for population proliferation of M pinodes on the infested seeds. The optimum temperature for epicotyl and hypocotyl infection of seedlings by the pathogen from infested seeds was 15℃, but 20℃ was best for population multiplication of the pathogen on the infested seeds. Among ten pesticides tested by spraying on soil surface, alachor, a herbicide, was found to enhance disease severity of epicotyl and hypocotyl necrosis of seedlings grown from seeds of garden peas infested with M pinodes.

Subjects

豌豆葉枯病菌

種媒病害

環境因子

Seed transmission

garden peas

Mycosphaerella piriodes

environmental factors

Publisher

植物保護學會

Type

journal article

File(s)

Name

36-3-189-200.pdf

Size

2.3 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):8e7d6998689c974cedb332dde7cd1975