台灣水稻重要病害之生態及防治要領
Other Title
The ecology and Control of Major Diseases of Rice in Taiwan
Start Page
75
End Page
101
ISBN
986-00-0394-7
Date Issued
2004-12
Date
2004-12
Author(s)
張義璋
Yih-chang Chang
Abstract
臺灣稻作及稻米記載共有75種病害，其中13種為近年來常見的重要病害。依據生態特性，稻熱病及白葉枯病可定位為流行病，其餘則為風土病。水稻病害防治方面，以抗病品種之應用最為有效率。然而許多抗病之稻品種推出後，病原菌會演化出新生理小種，致使抗病品種罹病化；惟區域性稻品種多樣化可有效降低病害之大流行。栽培管理工作，包括稻種處理、育苗、整地，灌排水、行株距、施肥及田間衛生等均需綜合應用，瞭解發病生態可掌握藥劑防治適機。風土病每年甚至每期稻作都會發生的病害，可依據稻生育期決定防治時機。流行病則受氣候影響，要留意病害發生預測，掌握發病初期的防治措施。
Seventy-five diseases of rice were reported in Taiwan. Thirteen of them often occurred and presented as the major diseases during recent years. According to ecological characteristics, blast and bacterial blight of rice were two major epidemic diseases, the others were considered as endemic diseases in Taiwan. Application of resistant varieties for disease control was more efficient strategy. Many resistant rice cultivars have been developed against the diseases. However, their resistance was easily lost or broken down due to the occurrence of new pathogen races. Several varieties were recommended in order to diversify the resistant genes in a local area and reduce the disease severity of epidemic diseases. Healthy seeds could be selected by salting water before seeding. Inner soil of paddy field was the best growth material for rice seedlings. Plastic covering could protect rice seedlings from chilling and insect damages in 1st crop. Field sanitation, crop rotation, adjustment of planting date, proper fertilization, good water management, soil amendment and chemical application under forecasting system have been suggested for the disease control.
Event(s)
水稻健康管理研討會
Proceedings of 2004 Symposium on Rice Health Management
Subjects
稻作病害
稻病防治
生態
抗病品種
栽培管理
藥劑防治
rice disease
ecology
disease control
resistant variety
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
book part
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06 台灣水稻重要病害之生態及防治要領.pdf
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