扁捕植蟎(Amblyseius taiwanicus)人工繁殖及水稻常用農藥對其毒性之初步測定
Other Title
Artificial Propagation of Amblyseius taiwanicus and Its Tolerance to Some Pesticides
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
28
Journal Issue
4
Pages
251-259
Date Issued
1979-12-04
Date
1979-12-04
Author(s)
羅幹成
何琦琛
陳瑞慈
Kang-Chen Lo
Chyi-Chen Ho
Shui-Tsey Chen
Abstract
扁捕植蟎為稻細蟎（Steneotarsonemus spinki）主要天敵之一。本試驗以人工飼育食菌細蟎（Tarsonemus sp.）為其代用食餌，利用培養之水稻小黑菌核病菌（Helmirlthosporium sigmoideum Car. Var. irrogulare Crel.）為其飼料，在試管內於20、25、30 及35℃下比較飼育食菌細蟎與扁捕植蟎，以探求二者之繁衍適溫，結果雌性食菌細蟎在四定溫下，發育期分別為6.83、5.46、3.63及3.66天，30℃為其繁衍適溫；雌性扁捕植蟎在上述四定溫下，發育期分別為14.0、7.18、4.24及4.04天；每雌平均產卵量分別為21.3、25.5、31.0及12.0枚；雌蟎壽命平均分別為30.3、27.7、14.0及12.6天；次代性比（♀：♂）分別為6 : 1 7.2 : 1、6.5 : 1及5 : 1；死亡率分別為16%、12.4%，8.7%及30%。扁捕植蟎在產卵期問各日齡產卵量互異，高溫時產卵期短，但每日產卵量較高，其中以在30℃時平均每日產卵量最高，為繁衍之適溫，但必須配對才會產卵。
至於水稻常用藥劑對扁捕植蟎之毒性，經多次試驗結果，8種水稻常用殺蟲劑對雌性扁捕植蟎致死50%之濃度：55% Azodrin ( Monocrotophos ) EC , 40.64% Furada（Carbofuran）FW , 37% Kilval ( Vamidothion ) S , 24% Lannate ( Methomyl ) S 及20% MIPC ( Isocarb ) EC. 均小於5 ppm ; 75% Orthene ( Acephate ) SP. 為8 ppm ; 50% Sumithion ( Fenitrothion ) EC. 為14 ppm ; 40% Hokbal EC.為185 ppm 一顯然在8種農藥中，僅Hokbal 對扁捕植蟎之毒性較低，其餘均具高度之毒殺作用。
A predatory mite, Amblyseius taiwanicus Ehara (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) is an important natural enemy of Steneotarsonemus spinki Smiley (Acarina : Tarsonemidae), which is a pest of rice. We tried to mass produce a mycophagous mite, Tarsonemus sp. (Acarina: Tarsonemidae) as a substitute prey for mass rearing the predatory mite. Tarsonemus was raised on fungus, Helminthosporium sigmoideum grown on potato dextrose agar medium. Predatory mites were released on Tarsonemus culture and held at various temperatures for growth studies. Under the constant temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, the total developmental period of female Tarsonemus sp. was 6.83, 5.46, 3.63 and 3.66 days, respectively. The total developmental period of female A. taiwanicus was 14.00, 7.18, 4.24 and 4.04 days, respectively. The average number of eggs per female 21.3, 25.5, 31.0 and 12.0; the average longevity of female 30.3, 27.7, 14.0 and 12.6 days ; the sex ratio of the next generation 6: 1, 7.2: 1, 6.5: 1 and 5: 1, and the mortalities 16, 12.4, 8.7 and 30%, respectively. We found this predatory mite can only oviposit after insemination, and require repeated insemination for continued oviposition.
The artificial propagated A. taiwanicus were used as the material for determining the toxicities of commonly used pesticides by using leaf-dip residue method. Most pesticides tested showed high toxicity to A. taiwanicus with LC50 values of Azodrin (monocrotophos), Furadan (carbofuran), Kilval (vamidothion), Lannate (methomyl) and MIPC (isocarb) less than 5 ppm; and that of Orthene (acephate) 8 ppm; Sumithion (fenitrothion) 14 ppm, HokbalR 185 ppm. Hokbal thus appears to be relatively safe to the predatory mite.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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