華釉小蜂(膜翅目:釉小蜂科)之貯存與產卵調節能力
Other Title
Study of the storage and oviposition-regulating capability of Neochrysocharis formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
47
Journal Issue
3
Pages
213-227
Date Issued
2005-09
Date
2005-09
Author(s)
Abstract
本文探討華釉小蜂（Neochrysocharis Formosa (Westwood)）貯存之蟲期與
條件及雌蜂經貯存後之產卵調節能力。第一日齡蛹在8℃下經貯存1～2 週後在
25℃下之羽化率即下降為71.1～78.4%，與對照組之93.2%呈顯著差異。而第一
日齡蛹在10℃下經貯存1～6 週後在25℃下之羽化率達90.9～99.3%與對照組相
當或更高，且彼等初羽化成蜂移入25℃定溫並每日供應寄主非洲菊斑潛蠅
（Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess)）幼蟲與純蜂蜜時，僅蜂蛹貯存1 週者之致死寄主
能力與生育力與對照組無顯著差異，而蜂蛹貯存2～3 週者之雌蜂壽命、致死寄
主總數及子蜂數均顯著較對照組各減少18.2～31.8%、47.0～52.5%及29.7～
31.2%，甚至蜂蛹貯存4 與5 週者，子代雌性比顯著較對照組各減少37 與96%。
成蜂在15～30℃下僅以純蜂蜜餵食時，以15℃時雌、雄蜂壽命最長，各為68.3
與56.6 日，且雌、雄蜂各貯存55 與45 日後之存活率仍高達80%。同時發現雌
蜂在15 或25℃下餵食純蜂蜜待貯存期滿移入25℃定溫且每日供應寄主與純蜂
蜜後，僅雌蜂在15℃下貯存10～40 日或在25℃下貯存10 日者，其致死寄主能
力與生育力（fertility）與對照組無顯著差異；其餘各處理組致死寄主總數與子
蜂數則均顯著受雌蜂貯存之影響，如雌蜂在15℃下貯存50 日或在25℃下貯存
20 日者，其致死寄主總數較對照組各減少53.0 或36.4%，子蜂數較對照組各減
少44.6 或26.7%。總之，華釉小蜂不論繁殖或釋放時，其貯存之最適蟲期與條
件均為雌蜂在15 或25℃下餵食純蜂蜜各貯存10～40 或10 日、或第一日齡蜂
蛹在10℃下貯存1 週，其次為雌蜂在15 或25℃下餵食純蜂蜜各貯存50 或20
日、或第一日齡蜂蛹在10℃下貯存2～3 週。另雌蜂經貯存後再遇寄主時確具產卵
調節能力，其中以在15℃下貯存10～30 日或在25℃下貯存10～20 日者之
日產卵型式與對照組最為近似，但其他各處理組不僅產卵期縮短且產卵高峰期
延後，此現象在25℃下尤其明顯。
In this study, we investigated the suitable life stages and conditions for storage
of the wasp, Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood). The wasp’s ovipositionregulating
capability after storage was also determined. Results showed that there was
a significant difference in the percent emergence between 1-day-old pupae stored at
8°C for 1-2 weeks ( % emergences of 71.1-78.4 %) and the control ( % emergence of
93.2 %). However, the percent emergence did not decrease if the 1-day-old pupae
were stored at 10°C for 1-6 weeks. Emerged from the pupae previously stored at
10°C for 1 week, and followed by rearing at 25°C with honey and host (Liriomyza
trifolii (Burgess)), the wasps were not affected by the storage conditions in their
capability of host-killing and offspring production, while emerged from the pupae
previously stored at 10°C for 2-3 week the wasp’s female longevity, host-killing
capability, and offspring production decreased by 18.2-31.8 %, 47.0-52.5 %, and
29.7-31.2 %, respectively, compared to those of the controls. Adults were fed only
with honey at between 15 and 30°C for various time periods for the study of storage
conditions. It was found that mean adult longevity was the highest under the 15°C
storage conditions with the female and male longevity of 68.3 and 56.6 days,
respectively. In addition, the survival rate still reached 80 % after female and male
had been stored for 55 and 45 days, respectively. After the end of the storage periods,
wasps were kept at 25°C with both honey and hosts to evaluate their capability for
host-killing and offspring production. The results revealed that the host-killing
capability and fertility of the wasps were not influenced after the adults had been
stored at 15°C for 10-40 days or 25°C for 10 days, respectively. However, the
host-killing capability and the total offspring production significantly decreased after
the adult wasps had been stored at 15°C for 50 days or 25°C for 20 days, respectively.
For both mass production and field release of N. formosa, the suitable conditions to
store the colony according to priority are (1) female wasps at 15°C for 10-40 days or
25°C for 10 days, or 1-day-old pupae at 10°C for 1 week, (2) female wasps at 15°C
for 50 days or 25°C for 20 days, or 1-day-old pupae at 10°C for 2-3 weeks. Female
wasp has an ability to self-regulate oviposition in response to different storage
conditions. Under the storage conditions at 15°C for 10-30 days or 25°C for 10-20
days, female N. formosa shows a comparable daily oviposition pattern to the control.
However the oviposition schedules and the occurrence of the peak oviposition
period under other storage conditions were shorter and later than that of the control,
these differences were most apparent at 25℃.
Subjects
華釉小蜂
非洲菊斑潛蠅
貯存
致死寄主能力
產卵調節能力
Neochrysocharis formosa
Liriomyza trifolii
storage
host-killing capability
oviposition-regulating capability
Publisher
中華植物保護學會
Type
journal article
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