Trends of Phalaenopsis orchid breeding research

Journal
Proceedings of the Taiwan-USA Symposium on Technology of Cultivation and Molecular Breeding for Ornamental Crops
Part Of
農業試驗所特刊第145號
Pages
75-84
ISBN
978-986-02-4616-2
Date Issued
2010-08
Date
2010-08
Author(s)
Fure-Chyi Chen
Shih-Wen Chin
Abstract
Phalaenopsis is one of the most popular and improtant orchids produecd at commercial scale. New cultivars are produced by selection of seeding plants during their flowering stage. After selection of orchid plants with desirable traits, tissue culture and mass production of young plantlets were achieved through flower stalk node culture in vitro. Cross hybridization by artificial pollination among different parental hybrids usually can lead to capsule set and seed formation. Howerver, breeding barriers are present in Plalaenopsis and its alliance genera with the mechanisms largely remained unknown. Meiotic chromosome behavior of the pollen mother cells (PMC) was investigated to examine whether it is correlated with seed set in different breeding parents of both Doritaenopsis and Phalenopsis orchids. The results showed that high perecntage of normal tetrad, in addition ot regular bivalent chromosome paring, generally suggests high fertility. Unreduced gametes such as dyads were observed during the PMC meiotic process and the number of the dyads could be increased by treating young flower buds with mitotic inhibitors such as colchicines and trifluralin. Through cross Pollination of chemically conditioned pollinia, chance of obtaining polyploidy seedlings is expected to be increased. Through these meiotic analysis and chemical treatment, breeding efficiency of phalanopsis orchids will be increased.
Event(s)
2010台美觀賞作物栽培技術與分子輔助育種研討會
Proceedings of the Taiwan-USA Symposium on Technology of Cultivation and Molecular Breeding for Ornamental Crops
Subjects
orchid
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
conference paper
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