Phytophthora citrophthora及P. nicotianae引起的番荔枝果實疫病
Other Title
Phytophthora fruit rot of Annona squamosa L. caused by Phytophthora citrophfhora and P. nicotianae
Journal
土壤病原生態與防治研討會專刊
Pages
103-112
Date Issued
1991-06
Date
1991-06
Author(s)
黃德昌
呂麗華
李惠鈴
Huang, T.C.
Leu L.H.
Lee, H.L.
Abstract
由Phytophthora citrophthora及P. nicotianae引起的番荔枝果實疫病分別於1990年1月及10月間首先在台東被發現，果實被害時開始出現紫黑或褐黑斑塊，被害果肉組織變成淡褐～黑褐色，5至6天後全果變黑並木乃伊化。P. citrophihora為A1配對型，最低、最適、最高生長溫度各為10、26及33℃，胞囊卵形或檸檬形，非脫落性，平均45.5×30 µm，具明顯乳頭狀突起，但經常變形，游走子感染無傷口果實的最低濃度約3.3~8.8×102 spores/0.2 ml。由其引起的黑變病，目前僅零星發生於10月至翌年1月間。P. nicotiana。胞囊寬卵形，平均37×30 µm，具明顯乳頭狀突起，菌絲最低生長溫度約10℃，最高溫度超過37℃，其於田間發生比例低於P. citrophihora。以58％鋅錳滅達樂可濕性粉劑400倍或76.5％銅滅達樂可濕性粉劑1,000倍處理果實，可有效防止P. citrorhthora的感染，但病斑出現後，所有供試藥劑均無法抑制病斑擴展。
Phytophthora fruit rot of sugar apple (Ann ona squamosa L.) caused by Phytophthora citrophthora and P. nicotianae was first found in January and October 1990, respectively. The infected fruits develop purplish black or brownish black discolored areas on surface at first, followed by discoloration of interior tissues to light brown or dark brown, then become completely black and mummified in 5 to 6 days. The cardinal temperatures for mycelial growth of P. citrophthora were 10, 26 and 33℃. Its sporangia are non-deciduous papillate, ovoid to lemon shape, with average size of 45.5X30µm, but often become distorted. It is heterothallic and all of isolates tested belong to A1 type. The lowest concentration for its zoospores to infect non-wound fruits lay between 3.3-8.8 X 102 spores/0.2 ml. The disease usually occurred sporadically during October to January of next year. P. nicotianae from diseased fruit is characterized by its broadly ovoid papillate sporangia, with average size of 37 X 30 µm. The lowest and highest temperatures for its mycelial growth were about 10℃ and over 37℃ , respectively. Its frequency of being isolated from diseased fruits was less than that of P. citrophthora. 58% Ridomil-MZ WP at the rate of 2.5 g/l and 76.5% Ridomil-Cupnait WP at the rate of 1 g/l were found to be significantly effective on the prevention of fruits from the infection of P. citrophthora. However, all fungicides applied after infection failed to inhibit the development of the lesion.
Event(s)
土壤病原生態與防治研討會
Subjects
番荔枝
果實病害
疫病菌
sugar apple
fruit disease
Phytophthora citrophthora
Phytophthora nicotianae
Publisher
農業試驗所、中華植物保護學會、中華民國植物病理學會
Type
conference paper
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土壤病原生態與防治研討會專刊103-112.pdf
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