蜜糖 紫精靈 和 滿天星 文心蘭植株帶介質輸美貯運技術之研究
Other Title
Study on the Transportation of ‘Sweet Sugar’, ’Purple Fairy’ and ’Stars’ Oncidium Pot Plants with sphagnum moss to the USA
Start Page
57
End Page
68
ISBN
978-986-04-6411-5
Date Issued
2015-10-28
Date
2015-10-28
Author(s)
黃肇家
蔡金玉
黃慧穗
曾明進
Chao-chia Huang
Chin-yu Tsai
Huei-suei Huang
Ming-Chin Tseng
Abstract
文心蘭植株帶介質輸美，近期可能會通過，本研究以模擬貯運探討以空運或是和蝴蝶蘭併櫃海運，以及海運適合溫度三個方式出口之可行性。植株都是以水苔種植。在空運上以‘紫精靈’ (Clom. Wild Cat’ Purple Fairy’和‘滿天星’文心蘭植株裝箱後在25℃置放3日模擬空運，結果貯運後植株品質良好，開花率80-90%，開花品質良好，植株在溫室之壽命約57日（1/2花朵謝），顯示這兩種文心蘭空運輸美在品質上是可行的。和蝴蝶蘭併櫃，以‘蜜糖’(Onc. Sewwt Sugar)和‘紫精靈’多種熟度，裝箱後放19℃28日模擬併櫃海運，之後栽培於低溫溫室（日夜溫約25℃與20℃),‘蜜糖’於中芽（S2）與大芽（S3）熟度，以及‘紫精靈’小芽（S1）與中芽（S2）熟度，貯運後植株品質與開花率、花梗長、壽命等皆良好，和未貯運者相近似，顯示可和蝴蝶蘭併櫃海運輸美，‘紫精靈’ 熟度高（S3或S4)，貯運復閉花率大幅下降，不適合使用。熟度低（小芽S1）到花開之日數較長（需8個月），要考慮。貯運後若種於一般溫室（日夜溫約30℃與25℃),‘蜜糖’開花品質仍佳，而‘紫精靈’於各種熟度，其開花率略為下降外，花梗長度大幅下降（長約35.0-43.8cm)，因此若出口地之栽培溫度偏高，可能不適宜。在貯運溫度上，以‘紫精靈’和‘滿天星’植株，成熟度都為大芽（S3級），裝箱後，於6℃、9℃、12℃、15℃及18℃貯藏28日以模擬海運。貯藏後，‘紫精靈’則除了6℃處理之外，存活率皆高，而A級品（無顯著劣化者），以12℃最高。‘滿天星，以12℃處理最佳，良率達100%，其他處理皆極差。顯示12℃是較適合運輸的溫度。在閉花品質上，‘紫精靈’栽培5個月復開始開花，但開花率低，以12℃最佳，其閉花率也只有44%，盆花壽命與花梗長度等特性和不貯運者相似，顯示‘紫精靈’海運以12℃為佳，但是開花率只有44%，這主要是成熟度高所影響。‘滿天星’也以12℃為佳，貯運後須等約16個月復（依季節而定）第2代芽開花，開花率約95%，品質佳。
The effect of air and marine shipment of Oncidium plants with sphagnum moss to the USA are studied by simulated shipment. The quality of ‘Purple Fairy’ (Clom. Wild Cat’Purple Fairy’) and‘Stars’Oncidium plants after simulated air shipment to the USA are good. About 80 to 90%of the plant bloomed after cultivation. The life spans are about 57 days judged by half of the florets in a spike faded. It indicates these two varieties can be shipped to the USA by air. ‘Sweet Sugar’ (Onc. Sweet Sugar) and ‘Purple Fairy’ plants were stored at 19℃ for 28 days as a simulation of marine shipment. After transportation when the plants are grown at cool condition of day /night temperature at 25℃/20℃, plants of ‘Sweet Sugar’ at medium maturity (S2 stages) and high maturity (S3 stages), and plants of ‘Purple Fairy’ at small to medium maturity (S1 and S2 stages) had good performances. The percentage of blooming plant, spike length, and life spans of flower were similar to the plants without storage. The plants of ‘Purple Fairy’ at high maturity (S3 and S4 stages) had low blooming percentage. Plants at low maturity (S1 stages) took about 8 months to get flower. When the plants are grown at higher temperature of day /night temperature at 30℃/25℃ after storage. The performance of Sweet Sugar’ is still good. The spike length and the life spans become very short in ‘Purple Fairy’. The result indicated that the ‘Purple Fairy’ plants should be grown at cool condition after marine shipment. To study the suitable shipment temperature ‘Purple Fairy’ and ‘Stars’ on cidium plants have been stored at 6℃, 9℃, 12℃, 15℃ and 18℃ for 28 days as a simulated marine shipment. The maturities of both varieties are high (S3 stages). After storage all the plants of ‘Purple Fairy’maintained good except for those stored at 6℃. The best quality occurred in plants stored at 12℃. In ‘Stars’only the plants stored at 12℃ maintained good quality while all the plants stored at other temperature become bad. It showed that 12℃ is the most suitable temperature. Plants of ' Purple Fairy' bloomed after 5 months of cultivation. The best one are those stored at 12℃ but only 44% plants bloomed. The flower quality and life span were similar to those plants without storage. It indicates that 12℃ may be the suitable temperature for marine shipment. The plants of ‘Stars’ do not bloom until about 16 months of cultivation after storage.
Event(s)
104年花卉推動小組成果展示會
Proceedings of the Symposium on Achievements of Floriculture Research Team of Councial of Agriculture in 2015
Subjects
文心蘭
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
book part
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