火鶴花育種及栽培研究現況與未來發展方向
Other Title
The current researches and future prospects of breeding and cultivation in anthurium
Journal
2010花卉研究團隊研究現況與展望研討會專刊
Part Of
農業試驗所特刊第154號
Pages
89-100
ISBN
978-986-02-9581-8
Date Issued
2011-10
Date
2011-10
Author(s)
Abstract
台灣的火鶴花研究自1980年代開始，農試所與種苗場開始引種、栽培與種苗繁殖的試驗，並逐漸開始育種的工作，期間台東區農業改良場也曾加入引種與育種的工作，迄今火鶴花的研究工作主要集中於農業試驗所與高雄區農業改良場(及學校單位)。就產業面而言，火鶴花的品種多來自荷蘭溫室品種，在台灣簡易網室下，品種特性不穩定，然而近年來國內的育種結果也顯示要選育適合劇烈環境變化的品種並不容易，如栽培環境無法改善，則應朝向適合低溫或高溫生長的品種發展。目前國內在品種開發上，已登錄品種權的計有農試所釋出的6個品種，與民間育成的1個品種，高雄場也已篩選適合盆花或沏花生產的品系個3個株系。栽培技術上，目前之研究集中於試種篩選、介質與肥培試驗，如利用肥培技術縮短幼年期、調整開花期，及溫度與光度對光合作用及生長之影響等生理性研究。採後處理上，2000年臺南場配合海運輸日開發出臺南1號火鶴花處理技術，有效延長瓶插壽命。未來的研究方向，應加重盆花品種的選育與栽培模式的建立，以追上世界的潮流與市場需求；因栽培環境簡陋造成的生理性障礙，導致週年的產量與品質不穩定一直是產業的最大問題，而其導致之季節性的瓶插壽命不穩定也應一併解決；採後處理上，火鶴花的瓶插壽命雖然相對較長，但就海運外銷而言，建立一套簡易的保鮮技術與標準作業流程，提昇集貨品質的整齊度，與省工化的切花包裝與包裝模式改善都是產業的急迫需求。
The anthurium research in TARI and TSS start 1980s, to introduce new varieties, cultivation and tissue culture system, then move to breeding program. During the early 1990, Taitung DARES had been joined the breeding program for a short time. Nowadays, the anthurium research focused on TARI and Kaohsiung DARES (and university). The most of varieties cultivate in Taiwan are from Netherlands, those varieties breed for greenhouse cultivation are not suitable for saran house that we used in Taiwan, However the progeny characteristics from breeding program also not suitable for dramatic changes in the environment, it should be change the strategy to screen the varieties growth for low or high temperature climate. Currently, In breeding achievements, TARI released six new varieties, and 3 promised clones are evaluated by Kaohsiung DARES. In cultivation technology, the current study focused on varieties screening and media test, such as the fertigation technology to shorten the time to first blooming for TC plant and adjust flowering period,the temperature and photosynthesis impact of growth physiological research are also undergo. For post-harvest processing, Tainan DARES release anthurium processing technology for sea shipping , effectively extending the vase life. Future research for anthurium industry may should focus on breeding and establishing cultivation mode for anthurium pot plant to catch up with world trends and market demand. Instability of annual yield and quality cause by cultivation environment still block anthurium industry, and lead to shorter the vase life seasonally. In post-harvest handling, anthurium is relatively long vase life than others cut flower, but in terms of exporting, a simple and efficiency postharvest technologies and standard operating procedures to uniform the quality are need for exporter, From another side, to improve packing models are the urgent needs of industry.
Event(s)
2010花卉研究團隊研究現況與展望研討會
2010 Proceedings of the Symposium on Current Researches and Prospects of the Floriculture Research Team
Subjects
火鶴花
產業
研究
anthurium
industry
research
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
conference paper
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