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  3. Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Branch / 嘉義農業試驗分所
  4. Department of Plant Protection / 植物保護系
  5. 瓜類露菌病生態及防治
 
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瓜類露菌病生態及防治

Other Title
Ecology and control of downy mildew on cucurbits
Journal
作物絕對寄生真菌性病害研討會專刊
Pages
105-120
Date Issued
1992-06
Author(s)
蔡武雄
杜金池
羅朝村
Tsai, W.H.
Tu, C.C.
Lo, C.T.
URI
https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/17932
Abstract
瓜類露菌病係由Pseudoperonospora cubensis所引起,在本省胡瓜、洋香瓜、哈蜜瓜及絲瓜等瓜類發生普遍而且嚴重。胡瓜或洋香瓜之摘葉,在15、20及25℃下接種後4~5天可形成病斑,在15及20℃下經5~6天,25℃下經6~8天可產胞,但在10、30及35℃不產生病斑,亦不產胞。病原菌胞子囊發芽以10及15℃最合適,6小時後發芽率達95.18%及97.52%,高溫發芽率降低。胞子囊釋放游走子之數目以7個最多,3及11個最少。胞子囊在2%水瓊脂上於30℃一天後再放回15℃,需經4小時始可發芽,發芽率為20.87%,24小時發芽率達63.11%。若在35℃一天後再放回15℃,則需經24小時始可發芽,發芽率僅7.01%,48小時後發芽率僅22.42%。若將病葉放在30℃一天後,再放回15℃,則其上之胞子囊需經4小時始可發芽,病葉放在35℃一天後,再放回15℃,則其上之胞子囊需經24小時始可發芽。胞子囊之發芽率隨相對濕度之增加而增加,在相對濕度55、81、95及100%時,其發芽率分別為29.85、66.30、80.02及97.53%。在水瓊脂培養基中瓊脂之含量亦影響胞子囊之發芽率,瓊脂含量2.0%時發芽率在15℃24小時後高達99.30%,瓊脂含量3.0%時發芽率亦達96.91%,但含量至8.0%時則胞子囊不發芽。胞子囊在V-8汁濃度越高,發芽率越低,濃度達35%時胞子囊不發芽。胞子囊在土壤含水量30%,經24小時尚不發芽,4天後發芽率僅2.66%,其發芽率隨含水量之增加而增加,50%含水量時24小時後之發芽率為20.38%。胞子囊在30%含水量土壤中至少可存活14天。胞子囊製成胞子懸浮液後在15℃經6及24小時接種,植株均可發病,但存放48小時者不發病。 Cucumber downy mildew caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis was quite Wide-spread and serious on cucumber, melon, muskmelon and loaf in Taiwan. The lesion formed at 4-5 days after inoculation on detached leaves of cucumber and melon under 15, 20 and 25℃. Sporulation at 5-6 days under 15 and 20℃, 6-8 days under 25℃. No lesion formation or sporulation under 10, 30 and 35℃. The optimal temperatures for sporangial germination were observed at 10℃ and 15℃ after 6 hours of incubation, the percentage of germination were 95.18% and 97.52%, respectively. Germination decreased at higher temperature. Most sporangia produced seven zoospores with an average of 6.7, a few sporangia produced 3 or 11 zoospores.
Publisher
中華植物保護學會
Type
conference paper

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