Breeding of Kenaf through Mutation Induced by Gamma-Rays and Thermal Neutrons
Other Title
伽瑪線及熱中子處理鐘麻種子誘變育種之研究
Journal
農業研究
Journal Volume
22
Journal Issue
4
Start Page
278
End Page
284
Date Issued
1973-12-04
Date
1973-12-04
Author(s)
M.L. Lai
James M. Dempsey
賴銘立
Abstract
Gamma-irradiation of kenaf seeds of variety Everglades 71, at 5000, 10000, 15000 and 20000 K was investigated as a method of inducing potentially valuable mutants in kenaf. So did the thermal neutron treatments with the different intensities and duration of 0.6×108/cm2, 1.2×108/cm2, 1.8×108/cm2, 2.7×108/cm2, 3.6×108/cm2 and 7.2×108/cm2. Stimulative effects from irradiation were indicated in that seedling vigor and plant height were greater in the M0 15000 R treatment than in the control. As far as thermal neutron treatments were concerned, there was no great effects on either plant vigor or plant height except the death of all seedings in the NT 7.2×108/cm2 treatment.
Variability from interspecific hybridization has been of limited value in applied breeding programs since most of desirable features from other species are frequently linked with undesirable agronomic characters. Success in breaking these associations has not been achieved to date in most instances. Due to the rather limited variability in kenaf and difficulties in using that brought in by hybridization, there is need for other means of increasing variability and studying the potential use of such variability in breeding programs. The study described above was initiated to investigate the effectiveness of gamma and thermal neutron-irradiation of kenaf seeds in inducing potentially valuable mutants and increasing the variability in quantitative characters.
本試驗研究於1971年8月至1972年1月在美國佛羅里達州立大學農業試驗場進行。其目的在探討利用伽瑪線及熱中子處理鐘麻種子進行誘變育種之價值；並比較兩種射線處理鐘麻種子最適當之劑量，期能在後代Mo中選找豐產並具抗根瘤線蟲之品系。玆將試驗結果簡述如下：
一、 本試驗以美國佛州推廣栽培之鐘麻品種 Everglade 71為材料，伽瑪線處理包括5000、10000、15000及20000 R 4種，並以不處理區為對照；熱中子處理包括0.6×l08/cm2, 1.2×108/cm2, 1.8×108/cm2, 2.7×108/cm2及7.2×l08/cm2 6 種，並以不處理區為對照，分別在玻璃室及田問進行。
二、 鐘麻種子經熱中子處理後由M0之觀察調查，植株高度、收穫株數、鮮株重及採種量恆較未處理之對照區為低，且照射時間逾長者逾低。7.2×108/cm2處理區由於照射時間過長，萌芽後幼苗相繼枯死。伽瑪線各處理中以10,000及15,000 R兩區其植株高度、收穫株數及採種量恆較對照區為高，各處理區均在田間分別選取生育高大根部無根瘤線蟲感染之優良單株，編號採收蒴果，寄回本分所繼續進行觀察選拔。
三、 鐘麻種間雜交，常由於難交後代細胞染色體發生連鎖現現象而不易獲得具有抗病及優良農藝性狀之品系，利用伽瑪線及熱中子進行誘變育種，期能在誘變後代中選獲豐產、質佳之抗根瘤線蟲之品系。
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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