玉米臺農351號穗頂不充實原因之探討
Other Title
Studies on the Causes of Ear-tip Unfilling of Tainung 351 Maize
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
34
Journal Issue
3
Pages
266-278
Date Issued
1985-09-04
Date
1985-09-04
Author(s)
王強生
曹紹徽
劉大江
C.S. Wang
S.H. Tsao
D.J. Liu
Abstract
玉米臺農351號穗頂不充實之類型可分爲四種，即穗軸頂端萎縮、穎花未受精、子粒充實不良及混合型；本試驗於吐絲期進行降低族羣密度、套袋與人爲授粉等處理，探討花粉供應、供源能力、積儲容積與穗內子粒間競爭養份等因素對穗頂不充實問題的影響。試驗結果發現臺農351號玉米穗頂不充實長度爲3.39cm，占全穗長之20.1%，其中不稔部分即達2.51cm，唯子粒產量仍高達8.7t/ha；降低族羣密度二分之一（每公頃29,400株）、套袋3~5日以延遲下位子粒發育與套袋6~10日以抑制部分下位子粒授粉充實，皆可顯著減輕穗頂不充實程度，增加充實穗長或上位子粒百粒重，但對一穗粒數與產量之提高則未具顯著效果。試驗結果顯示由於上、下位穎花與子粒在分化與發育方面的時序差異，使下位子粒具有較高的積儲強度(sink strength)，對上位子粒之充實產生競爭與抑制作用。
One weakness of the high-yielding, single-cross maize hybrid Tainung 351 is the poor development of the ear tip. Four different types have been observed: (1) deterioration of the ear (cob) tip, (2) non-pollination of tip spikelets, (3) unfilling of tip kernels and (4) mixed type. Average length of the unfilled portion was 20% of total ear length. However, grain yield as high as 8.7tjha was recorded. Treatments of this experiment included thinning the stand to half the original density, bagging the ear for 3-5 or 6-10 days to delay pollination or restrict the development of basal kernels, respectively. Characteristics of kernels on different parts of the ear (tip, middle and basal) at harvest were measured and concentrations of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) and N were also analyzed. Measures for improving the filling of tip kernels were discussed.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
journal_arc_34-3-4.pdf
Size
1.71 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):ed55e6ca705ef914b163dca9a03a5934