雜種水稻的產量與組合力
Other Title
Yield and Combining Ability of Hybrid Rice
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
36
Journal Issue
2
Pages
151-164
Date Issued
1987-06-03
Date
1987-06-03
Author(s)
曾東海
黃真生
T.H. Tseng
C.S. Huang
Abstract
以12個雜種F1及其親本，即3個細胞質雄不稔品種的維持系和4個 Rf 親，加上對照品種臺中秈3號、臺中秈10號共21品種（系）為材料，以逢機完全區集法設計，進行產量比較試驗，其結果摘要如下：
雜種1第二期作的產量、一穗穎花數、千粒重、抽穗期及株高等顯現正的雜種優勢；而一株穗數及稔實率，則有負的優勢表現。有4個雜種Fl在第二期作產量達9t/ha比最高產臺中秈10號增產16~21%。第一期作因有低溫的影響，以致雜種F1產量均比對照品種低，顯示雜種F1因早熟比普通品種（系）較易受環境影響。對環境的敏感性，因組合不同而異。雜種Fl第一期作稔實率對產量的路徑係數，達到極顯著水準。延遲第一期作的插秧期，可能有助於改善此敏感性之缺點。親本的一般組合力比特殊組合力高。臺農秈育172號，在兩期作都有較佳的一般組合力，可供為雜種品種的恢復系。珍汕97A、V20A、二九南A等三個細胞質雄不稔系，兩期作的組合力不同，產量穩定性較差。
Twelve F1 hybrids, 3CMS B lines, i. e., Zhen-Shan 97B (ZS97B), V20B and Er-Chiu
-Nan B (ECNB), and their four restorers, i. e., Tainung Sen Yuh (TNGSY) 91, 115, 162 and 172 were used as the materials for this study. Two top-yielding commercial varieties, Taichung Sen 3 (TCS3) and Taichung Sen 10 (TCS10), served as the checks. The materials were arranged in a field in a randomized complete block design with two replications. The results are summarized as follows：
In general, a positive heterosis was found in grain yield, spikelets per panicle, 1000-grain weight, heading days and plant height, and negative heterosis in panicles per plant and seed-set percentage. The grain yield for four of the twelve hybrids in the second crop reached more than 9t/ha, significantly outyielded the top yielding commercial variety TCS10. They showed the standard heterosis from 16% to 21%. However, in the first crop the yields of hybrids were lower than the commercial varieties probably due to the fact that the hybrids were early-maturing and relatively sensitive to low tempe-ratures in the first crop than the commercial varieties. Different hybrids showed differ-rent responses to the first crop environments. A significantly positive path-coefficient of seed-set percentage to grains yield in these hybrids was observed in the first crop but not in the second crop. The general combining ability seemed to be more important than the specific combining ability in this test. Tainung Sen Yuh 172 (TNGSY172) were found to be a good general.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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