施肥量對杭菊（「臺灣杭菊1號」）生育與機能性成分之影響
Other Title
Effects of Fertilizer Application Rates on the Growth and Functional Components of Chrysanthemum morifolium ('Taiwan Hangju No. 1')
Journal
台灣農業研究
Journal Volume
75
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
379
End Page
393
ISSN
2790-086X
Date Issued
2026-09-02
Author(s)
劉秋芳
陳鈺楨
郭芷君
陳右人
張育森
Abstract
本研究旨在探討不同施肥等級對「臺灣杭菊 1 號」 (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. cv. ‘Taiwan Hangju No. 1’) 生長、產量及機能性成分之影響。試驗採逢機完全區集設計 (randomized complete block design; RCBD)，設置 0 至 6 級共 7 個施肥處理 (氮素施用量依序為 0、75、150、225、300、375、450 kg ha-1)，3 重複。結果顯示，株高與株寬隨施肥量增加而提升，但過量施肥 (等級 6) 導致植株存活率顯著下降至 47–60%。經二次迴歸分析，芽葉與花朵鮮重分別在施肥等級 3.47 與 2.75 可達最大值。在機能性成分方面，適度施肥 (等級 2–3) 顯著提升了芽葉與花朵中總游離胺基酸 (total free amino acids; FAA)、總多元酚 (total polyphenols; TPP)、總類黃酮 (total flavonoids; TF) 及綠原酸衍生物 (caffeoylquinic acids; CQAs) 的含量；反之，過量施肥則抑制了次級代謝物的合成。綜合產量與品質分析，建議「臺灣杭菊 1 號」之施肥策略為等級 2–3，在 5–8月營養生長期每公頃推薦施用 20-5-10 (N-P2O5-K2O) 肥料總量 450–675 kg、9–10 月生殖生長期施用 15-15-15 (N-P2O5-K2O) 肥料總量 400–600 kg。隨植株成長，每公頃肥料 20-5-10 (N-P2O5-K2O) 用量由 100–150 kg 每月增量 50–75 kg 施用，當植株已無明顯增長時，則每月施用 200–300 kg ha-1 肥料 15-15-15 (N-P2O5-K2O)，此區間能兼顧經濟效益與機能性成分品質。
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different fertilization levels on the growth, yield, and functional components of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. cv. ‘Taiwan Hangju No. 1’. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with seven fertilization treatments and 3 replications was employed. Nitrogen application rates were 0, 75, 150, 225, 300, 375, and 450 kg ha-1. The results indicated that plant height and canopy width increased with fertilization rates; however, excessive fertilization (level 6) significantly reduced plant survival rates to 47–60%. Quadratic regression analysis showed that maximum fresh weights of bud-leaves and flowers were achieved at fertilization levels of 3.47 and 2.75, respectively. Regarding functional components, moderate fertilization (levels 2–3) significantly enhanced the contents of total free amino acids (FAA), total polyphenols (TPP), total flavonoids (TF), and caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) in both bud leaves and flowers, whereas excessive fertilization suppressed the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Based on an integrated evaluation of yield and quality, fertilization levels of 2–3 are recommended for this variety. During the vegetative growth stage (May–August), a total of 450–675 kg ha-1 of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O = 20-5-10) is suggested, whereas 400–600 kg ha-1 of compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O = 15-15-15) is recommended during the reproductive stage (September–October). Fertilizer application rates should increase from 100–150 kg ha-1 month-1 in 50–75 kg ha-1 month-1 increments as plant growth progresses, and reach 200–300 kg ha-1 month-1 when plant growth shows no further significant increase. These fertilizer application rates effectively balance economic yield and medicinal quality.
Subjects
杭菊
肥料
機能性成分
Chrysanthemum
Fertilizer
Functional compounds
Publisher
農業部農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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