臺灣水稻徒長病之發生與防治
Other Title
The occurrence and control of rice bakanae disease in Taiwan
Journal
台灣水稻保護成果及新展望研討會專刊
Part Of
農業試驗所特刊第138號
Pages
29-43
ISBN
978-986-01-9156-1
Date Issued
2009-07
Date
2009-07
Author(s)
黃德昌
朱盛祺
Huang, T. C.
Chu, S. C.
Abstract
由Gibberella fujikuroi引起的水稻徒長病，近幾年來在臺灣各地區發生逐漸普遍，尤以臺東、花蓮地區最為嚴重，主要種植品種─高雄139號及臺?2號，田間罹病率超過10%；稻種帶菌是本病最重要的初次感染源，於2000-2001年間檢測臺東地區稻種，發現帶菌情形普遍而嚴重。選種罹病率低的品種並使用健康稻種，再配合有效的稻種消毒則是防治徒長病的首要措施。稻種消毒試驗顯示：以25%撲克拉乳劑1,000倍、62.5%賽普護汰寧水分散性粒劑1,000倍、25.9%得克利水基乳劑2,000倍或20%披扶座可濕性粉劑1,000 倍浸種24小時後催芽，對稻苗徒長病的防治效果最突出；稻種催芽後以40%免賴地可濕性粉劑1,000倍、80%多得淨混合可濕性粉劑800倍或62.5%賽普護汰寧水分散性粒劑1,000倍浸種12小時，對稻苗徒長病也都有優異的防治效果；拔除田間病株、病田休耕或輪作綠肥，以減少田間二次感染源，亦是減少徒長病必須採取的綜合防治措施。為防杜本病發生為害，建議加強探討病害發生生態、研發病菌偵測技術、強化健康種苗生產體系及選育優良抗病品種。
The bakanae disease of rice plants caused by Gibberella fujikuroi has commonly occurred in Taiwan in recent years, particularly in the districts of Taitung and Hualien. The average disease severity in rice paddy of Kaohsiung NO.139 and Taikeng No.2, the most widely planted cultivars in these areas, was higher than 10%. Seed-borne pathogens had proved to be the essential primary inoculum source. The infestation of rice seeds by the pathogen was common and serious according to the investigation conducted in Taitung area in 2001. Different seed treatment measures were tested to compare the efficacy for controlling bakanae and phytotoxocity on rice seedlings. The results of various trials showed that soaking the intact rice seeds with 25% Prochloraz EC 1000×, 62.5% Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil WG 1,000×, 25.9% Tebuconazole EW 2,000× or 20% Pefurazoate WP 1,000× for 24 hrs significantly reduced the occurrence of the disease without phytotoxicity. Soaking the splitting seeds before germination stage with 40% Benomyl +Thiram WP 1,000×, 80% Thiophanate +Thiram mixtureWP 800×, or 62.5% Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil WP 1,000× for 12 hrs also resulted in satisfactory efficacy. For the prevention of worsening adverse effect of bakanae disease on rice production of Taiwan, the following aspects are recommended to be implemented: strengthening the research of the ecology of the pathogen and disease, developing detection technique for seeds-borne and soil-borne pathogens, establishing an effective seed certification system to ensure the production of healthy rice seeds, and breeding of high quality rice cultivars resistant to bakanae disease.
Event(s)
台灣水稻保護成果及新展望研討會
Proceedings of Symposium on Achievements and Perspectives of Rice Protection in Taiwan
Subjects
水稻徒長病
稻種消毒
撲克拉
賽普護汰寧
得克利
披扶座
免賴地
多得淨
rice bakanae disease
seed treatment
Prochloraz
Cyprodinil + Fludioxonil
Tebuconazole
Pefurazoate
Benomyl + Thiram
Thiophanate + Thiram
Publisher
農業試驗所嘉義分所、行政院農委會動植物防疫檢疫局、中華植物保護學會、中華民國物病理學會
Type
conference paper
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