水稻小粒菌核病組織學之研究
Other Title
HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES ON STEM ROT OF RICE PLANT
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
12
Journal Issue
2
Pages
91-99
ISBN
0577-750X
Date Issued
1970-06
Date
1970
Author(s)
蔡武雄
Wu-Hsiung Tsai
Abstract
1. 水稻小粒菌核病，病原菌在罹病性水稻品種，菌絲蔓延生長，菌絲周圍有顆粒物質，有時寄主細胞亦有褐色顆粒產生，在抗病性品種，呈現過敏性反應，寄主細胞顆粒化，褐變致使侵入菌絲死亡。
2. 葉鞘接種，經24~48小時後，以手切片鏡檢後再放置一天，侵入之菌絲不見繼續生長。寄主細胞浸漬於0.8 M NO3 時原生質不分離，但在生體稻接種者原生質可分離。
3. TT及QR菌株接種在茭白時，能侵入產生病斑。由菱白分離之OT菌株反接水稻時亦能侵入產生病斑。
4. 本菌主要由權溉水位侵入，水位越高，侵入越佳。
5. 本菌侵入過程，由菌核發芽，形成附著器，由葉鞘侵入經表皮組織、厚膜組織、維管束、柔膜細胞最後到達莖部。
6. 本菌分祕之酵素以Pectin及Cellulose酵素為主，對Pectin質之作用以TT為強，對Celluloss之作用TT及QR菌株甚為接近。
1. Waen stem-rot fungi invade in the host cells of susceptible varieties, Penetrating hyphae spread and grew well, but a number of small granules could be noticed beside the hyphae and sometimes brown granules appeared in the host cell. On resistant varieties, hypersensitive reaction with dark brown granules within infected cells was apparent and the whole cell later discolored which turns dark or black-bro wn afterwards.
2. Leaf-sheath was inoculated with sclerotia in the laboratory. Thin sections of inner epidermis were examined under microscope 24?48 hours after inoculation. The sections were put in. a moist chamber for further examination. The invading hyphae didn’t grow any further even 24 hours later. Then they were dipped in 0.8 M KNO3 solution, plasmolytic activity didn’t exist in those cells, while the phenomenon could be observed apparently in the infected cells of rice plants inoculated in the green house.
3. When isolates TT and QR were inocilated into wateroat, the pathogens penetrated the host tissues, spread in all direction and produced black spots on the leaf sheath. The same result was obtained as OT isolate from wateroat was inoculated to rice plant.
4. Degree of infection to rice plants by the causal organisms was depended upon the irrigation water level, the higher the water level, the better the invasion.
5. Appressoria were formed from the germinating sDlerotia on the top of their germ tubes. It penetrated leaf sheath through epidermal tissues, scleren.chymatous tissues, vasctilar bundles, parenchymatous and finally reached the culm of the host.
6. Both pectolytic and cellulolytic enzymes were produDed by these pathogens. In the degradation for pectin TT isolate was mcre active than QR isolate, while for cellulose both isolates, TT and QR, had same degree of activity.
Subjects
水稻小粒菌核病
組織學
Publisher
植病保護學會
Type
journal article
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