柴胡種子發芽勢之改良研究
Other Title
Studies on the Improvement of Seed Germination of Bupleurum falcatum L.
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
36
Journal Issue
3
Pages
258-266
Date Issued
1987-09-03
Date
1987-09-03
Author(s)
黃漢津
劉新裕
H.C. Huang
S.Y. Liu
Abstract
發芽起始日數長及發芽不整齊為柴胡發芽特性之一，本研究主要探討改良柴胡發芽勢之方法及適合之發芽溫度，其結果如下：柴胡可在pH值4至9之蒸餾水添加液中順利發芽，其發芽溫度以16℃較為恰當，20℃以上則有明顯的抑制現象。日夜溫差有利於柴胡發芽，當夜溫16-20℃而日溫24-28℃時有明顯的促進作用，但低夜溫(12℃或以下)較不適宜，顯示柴胡之播種期在秋末冬初或冬末春初較為恰當。硝酸鉀(0.2，1.0%)溶液對柴胡發芽有不良影響，激勃素(GA3)1000,500ppm與細胞分裂素(Kinetin) l00, 50, l0ppm單獨或混合浸種24小時，對柴胡發芽並無促進作用，但經流水浸種後浸泡於激勃素1000, 100ppm24小時，有增進發芽率的現象，此外單獨應用流水浸種處理亦可促進柴胡之發芽，而柴胡之種子浸出液有延遲發芽及降低發芽率等現象，顯示浸種處理有洗濾柴胡種子之發芽抑制物質的效果。低溫層育(0-4℃)對柴胡之胚發育及發芽有明顯的促進作用；經8星期層育後，其胚長度增為對照之3倍，且到達最終發芽總數9/10(T90)的時間縮短至4天左右較對照之15天明顯快速，且高溫(24℃)亦可促進較長期的層育種子早日發芽而不再是限制因子。柴胡發芽率亦因低溫層育而增加，但6-8星期之層育有降低發芽率的趨勢。
Bupleurum falcatum L. is an important medicina species under the family of Umbelliferae. Physiological immature embryo in the seeds of this family generally require an after-ripening period to germinate. The purposes of this experiment were to find ways to improve the germinating vigor of this species. Optimal temperatures for the germination of B. falcatum L. seeds were 16℃ followed by 20℃. Germination rates at the two temperatures were 80 and 65.5% and days needed to 50% germination of final rates (T-50) were 10.9 and 10.5, respectively. Alternating day/night temperatures accelerated seed germination. Night temperature of 16 or 20℃ and difference between day and night temperatures of 8 and 12℃ were particularly effective. Presoaking seeds in running tap water for 4 days could increase germination rate significantly at 24℃, presumably the result of leaching out some inibitory substances from the seeds. Soaking the seeds in GA-3 (500 or l,000ppm) and/or kinetin (10, 50 or l00ppm) solutions or addition of potassium nitrate (0.2 or 1.0%) to the germination medium showed no positive effect on the germination performance of B. falcatum seeds. Cold stratification at 0-4℃, on the other hand, was of prominent importance in improving seed germination. After eight-week cold stratification, embryo length was three times longer than that of the untreated check treatment and time needed to reach T-90 was only 4 days, or 11 days shorter than the check. Cold stratification for eight weeks also enable seeds to germinate even at the unfavorable high temperature of 24℃. Germination rate also increased as a result. The most suitable duration of cold stratification was found to be four weeks.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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