稻株氮營養狀況遙測技術之建立
Other Title
Development of Remote Sensing Techniques to Identify Nitrogen Status of Paddy Rice
Journal
中華農業氣象
Journal Volume
7
Pages
23-31
Date Issued
2001-03-01
Date
2001-03-01
Author(s)
申雍
羅正宗
鄭世朋
Yuan Shen
Jeng-Chung Lo
Shi-Pong Cheng
Abstract
水稻是台灣地區栽培面積最廣的作物，而氮肥是提高和穩定水稻生產最重要的肥料，但是在水稻生育初期很難以目視方法判別稻株的氮營養狀況，若能利用遙感探測技術，定期、迅速的提供田間稻株氮營養狀況空間分佈的資訊，是實施水稻精準管理的基礎。本研究以台農67號水稻爲試驗材料，分別給予0、90、180 kgN ha1三種等級氮肥處理，以可攜式光譜儀(LI-1800)定期測定水稻植被的反射光譜，利用波段比値、植被指數、和光譜微分等方法，分析檢測稻株體內氮營養狀況的特徵指標，以開發利用遙測技術判斷稻株氮營養狀況之技術。研究結果指出，如果稻株體內之氮營養狀況可利用 SRVI、NDVI、和dR/dλ|735等特徵値進行鑑別，但是SRVI和NDVI只能區別稻株體內 氮素是否嚴重缺乏，不適合用於區別田間稻株氣營養狀況的空間分佈；dR/dλ|735可以分 辩稻株體內氮素的漉度，具有可區別田間稻株氮營養狀況空間分佈的能力，因此較適合水稻宵行氮肥精準管理之遙測模式應用。未來仍需累積在不同生育期稻體內氮濃度和光 譜微分値的相關的資料，才能建立判斷稻株體內氮營養狀況之完整模式，最後還需在背景反射不同之其他土壤進行驗證與模式修正的工作。
Paddy rice is the major crop in Taiwan. Nitrogen is the most important fertilizer to increase and stabilize yield of paddy rice. However, it is very difficult to identify nitrogen status of rice plants by visual inspection. If it can be identified by remote sensing techniques, the information regarding the spatial distribution of the nitrogen status of rice plants within the field can then be provided rapidly and at regular time interval. This constitutes the basis of precision management of nitrogen fertilizer. In this study, three rates of nitrogen fertilizer, 0、 90、180 kgN ha-1, was applied to paddy rice (TN 67). Reflectance spectrum of the rice canopies were measured by a portable spectroradiometer (LI-1800) at regular basis. Remote sensing techniques, such as band ratio, vegetation index, and spectrum differentiation, were used to identify the characteristic indices for nitrogen status of rice plants. Results indicated that SRVI, NDVI and dR/dλ1735 can all be used as the nitrogen status indicator. Though SRVI and NDVI can identify only severely nitrogen deficient rice plants, dR/d λ|735 index can distinguish the concentration of nitrogen status within rice plants. Therefore，dR/dλ |735 a much better indicator for delineating the spatial distribution of nitrogen status of rice plants within the field for precision nitrogen management. More experimental data related between nitrogen status of rice plants and dR/dλ |735 index at different growth stages still need to be accumulated before a useful model can be developed. Background correction also needs to be tested on soils of different color.
Subjects
水稻
遙感探測
氮營養
Rice
Remote sensing
Nitrogen
Publisher
中華農業氣象學會
Type
journal article
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