臺灣產柑桔銹蜱類之研究(I)
Other Title
Eriiohvid Mites of Citrus Trees in Taiwan (I)
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
8
Journal Issue
4
Pages
391-400
ISBN
0577-750X
Date Issued
1966-12
Date
1966
Author(s)
黃讚
Tsan Huang
Abstract
1．柑桔銹蜱（Eriophyid mites of citrus trees）俗稱柑桔銹壁蝨，寄生於柑桔葉、果實及幼枝等部，近年本省各地柑桔園，關其為害之報告時有所見或所問，顯然地柑桔銹蜱已成為本省柑桔類重要威脅之一。
2．本研究工作為期很短，迄今只有半年，只能作到種類鑑定及為害情形觀察，備供學術研究及施行防除時參考。
3．世界各地先後發現之柑桔銹蜱類至目前為止計有Phyllocoptruta oleivora(Ashm.)、Aceria Sheldoni (Ewing）、Epitrimperus pteleae Keif.、Calacarus citrifolii K.、Aculus Pelekassi K.、Floracarus fleshneri k.、Diptilomiopus assamica K.及Teplephus australis K.等八種。
4．研究步驟，係由全省各柑桔園採回被害標本，在鳳山熱帶園藝試驗分所昆蟲研究室，作成玻片(Slides)而後藉高倍顯微鏡從事形態觀察，以便作種(Specie)的鑑定（Identifcation）。工作期間自民國55年1月至6月止，為期半年。
5．從所採被害寄主標本中，僅護得Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashm.)一種，寄生於椪柑、桶柑、高檣桶柑、雷姆、檸檬、晚崙夏、柳橙以及雪柑等上面，標本之採集地點廣及臺北、新竹、臺中、嘉義、岡山、鳳山、花連及臺東等各柑桔類主要產地。
6. Phyllocoplriila cleivora (Ashm.)屬於Suborder Trombidiformes, Superfamily Tetrapodili, Family Eriophyidae, Subfamily Phyllocoptinae, Tribe phyllocoptini, Genus Phyllocoptruta.
7. Phyllocoptrila oleivora (Ashm.)之成期與幼期同型，在孵化初期幾近無色。卵之直徑為30µ，呈淡黃綠色。成長期呈黃色乃至淡黃褐色，圓錐形，體長為160.8µ。背毛長為9µ，伸向背前方。腹部背面有32~35節，腹面為56~62節。生殖器位于腹部、腹面前端，遮蓋(CO-verflap)有縱走皺紋。
8．為害臺灣柑桔之銹蜱類(Eriophyid mites)究有幾種，雖有待今後作進一步之調查研究，但由本研究結果得知Phyllocopiruta oleivora (Ashm.)確為為害臺灣柑桔之極普遍種類。其寄主多，分佈廣，為防其嚴重為害計，其生態觀察及防除方法之研究等，不可忽視。
1. Citrus rust mite is a very serious and ccmmcn pest of citrus trees in Taiwan. The minute mites infest the surface of fruits, leaves and twigs, causing a rustlike discolouration, known as russeting.
2. As the period of this study is very short, only half a year, that just two items of study, the identification of the mite and the observation of its damaging, have been finished. Therefore however, the present paper may offer a basic data to both the academic research and the ccntrol study.
3. The eight species of eriophyid mites cn citrus trees repcrted from the world are: Phyllocoptrta oleivora (Ashm.), Aceria sheldoni (Ewing), Epitrirnerus pteleae K, Calacarus citrifolil K., Aculus pelekassi K., Floracarus fleshneri K., Diptilom opus assamica K. and Tegolophus ast rails K.
4. All the specimens collected from the main citrus orchards of this island were brought back to labcratcry and examined under the high power microscope. Of course the slides were completed for mrpho1ogica1 study. This work was carried out in Jan.-June, 1966.
5. Phyllocopiruta oleivora, the only one species was gathered from ponkan, tankan,
koshotankan, lime, lemon, valencia, sweet orange and: sekkan that were col1ected
from Taipei, Hsinchu, Taichung, Chiay? Kongshan, Fengshan, Hua-lien and
Taitung.
6. Fhyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashm.) is belonged to tribe Phyllocoptini, subfamily Phyllocoptinae, family Eriophyidae, superfamily Tetrapodili, in suborder Trombidiformes.
7. The adult. and the young of Phyllocopfruta oleivora looked like very similarly. The young was transparent white in color when hatched and changed to pale yellow later. The diameter of egg reaches 30µ. Adult cone-shaped, yellow to light brown in color. The length of the female body reaches 16O.8µ. Dorsal setae 9 long, protruding dorso-anteriorly. Tergites broader and less numerous than sternites; 32-35 for the former and 56-62 for the latter. Genitalia is on the ventral anterior part of abdomen. Coverf lap with longitudinal furrows covers the female genitalia.
8. Though a problem “How many kinds of eriophyid mites which injure citrus trees in Taiwan?” is remained for further study, a fact that Phyllocopirula olelvora (Ashm.) is a ver? common species in this island has been cleared from the present paper. For the sake of more hosts and wider distribution of this mite, the ecological and control studies shouldn’t be neglected.
Subjects
柑桔銹蜱
Publisher
植病保護學會
Type
journal article
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