一、二期作水稻穀粒充實特性與產量構成要素之關係
Other Title
Grain-filling Characteristics and Its Relation to Yield Components in the First and Second Rice Crops
Start Page
165
End Page
179
Date Issued
1984-12
Date
1984-12
Author(s)
朱鈞
盧虎生
Chun Chu
Huu-Sheng Lu
Abstract
包括秈、稉稻8個水稻品種，一二期作田間種植於臺大試驗農場，探討穀粒充實特性與產量構成要素關係之變異，期能在一二期生長環境不同狀況下，充分瞭解穀粒充實特陸之差異，以做為撰育高產量品系之依據，或在改進栽培技術方面有所助益，其結果綜合如下
1.三次多項迴歸式，估算水稻穀粒充實曲線，各品種皆有很高之適合係數(R2≥0.95)可供計算水稻穀粒充實特性之用。
2.品種間之充實速率與充實期有相當大之差異，一期作穀粒充實速率較二期作為快，而充實期則一期作較二期作為短。
3.一期作穗重，穀粒產量皆與充實速率呈顯著正相關，而二期作穀粒產量，穗重則與充實期呈顯著正相關，惟二期作雖然充實期延長，但仍無法完全補足因充實速率降低所造成之損失，故穀粒產量較一期作為低。
4.本省北部地區，不論一二期作，水稻充實速率遠較充實期對產量貢獻為大，故建議選育充實速率高之品系，或在生理栽培上充分配合，發揮充實速率之潛力，當對提高水稻之產量有所貢獻。
In the first crop of 1980 and second crop of 1981, eight rice cultivars, including both japonica and indica types, were grown under field conditions to determine the differences in the rate and duration of grain-filling, as well as other filling characters and their relationships to grain yield and yield components. A further objective was to find out whether the filling rate or duration was more closely correleted to grain yield.
The cubic polynomial regression model was found to be useful for the measurement of grain-filling characters (R2>0.95 for all cultivars). Grain-filling rate and duration as well as other grain-filling parameters varied among cultivars during the two different growing seasons. It was shown that the grain-filling rate of the first crop was greater than that of the second crop. Correlation analysis indicated that a significant positive correlation existed between the grain-filling rate and the panicle weight in the first crop. A significant positive relationship was found between the panicle weight and grain-filling duration in the second crop. Although this was associated with a longer duration in the second crop, the failure to obtain any compensating increase in the rate of dry matter accumulation resulted in a much reduced panicle weight.
These results indicated that grain-filling rate was more important than duration for grain development in both growing seasons. It is suggested that there is potential for higher rice yield via genetic improvement of increasing the grain-filling rate.
Publisher
臺灣省農業試驗所
Type
book part
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