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  4. 昆蟲標本在農業與醫學上的重要性
 
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昆蟲標本在農業與醫學上的重要性

Other Title
The importance of insect collection on agriculture and medical science
Journal
昆蟲與蟎蜱標本資源之管理與應用研討會專刊
Pages
127-140
ISBN
9789860151596
Date Issued
2008-08-09
Date
2008-08-09
Author(s)
吳文哲
黃旌集
石憲宗  
Wen-Jer Wu
Chin-Gi Huang
Hsien-Tzung Shih  
URI
https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/5737
Abstract
昆蟲綱成員的物種總數、個體總數及生物量等,相對於其他動物類群而言,都是最具優勢的。昆蟲對天然植物及農作物的授粉作用、對有害生物的控制等等,除了顯示牠在生態上的重要性,也顯示了人類對昆蟲的依賴程度;雖然人類在農業、醫學、經濟、生態等不同層面,都想要好好的利用與管理昆蟲,但長久以來卻存在著諸多障礙,當中最大的困擾就是物種鑑定,因為人類至今尚無法對那些具生態地位重要角色的昆蟲,進行全部的辨認,當今科學上所知道的具名昆蟲物種數目,也僅佔所有昆蟲種類的7~10%左右而已,而且昆蟲當中存在著不少姐妹種、生態種、多態型等外部形態或生態習性趨於相似的問題,造成物種上同物異名的分類問題。也因如此,昆蟲標本蒐藏最重要的貢獻,不僅使得分類學家可利用形態與分子特徵,作為判斷相近類群之分類研究根據之外,對於生物防治等有意義的應用昆蟲學研究,也提供了相當重要的基礎。本文回顧往昔至今昆蟲標本在農業上與醫學上的應用狀況,並對標本應用的未來展望提出建議。 The Insecta are the dominating force in terms of total numbers of individuals, amount of biomass, and numbers of species. Humans are much more dependent on insects than we thought. This is particularly true for pollination of plants, crops and suppression of pests. However, several impediments occur when we try to utilize or manage insects for different uses such as agriculture, medical science, economy, ecology, and others. The most difficult and important one is species identification. Only approximately 7-10% of all insect species are known to science. Of these, many are difficult to identify due to sibling species, ecospecies, polymorphism, morphological convergences and synonymies. Therefore, the insect collection not only promotes taxonomists to distinguish closely related species based on morphological and molecular characteristics, but it also is the basis for all applied entomology research such as biological control. In this article, the importance of insect collection to agriculture and medical science is reviewed, and its future application prospects are suggested.
Event(s)
昆蟲與蟎蜱標本資源之管理與應用研討會
Proceedings of the Symposium on Insects and Mites Collection Mnagement and its Application
Subjects
昆蟲標本
農業
醫學
生態
insect specimens
agriculture
medical science
Publisher
國立自然科學博物館
Description
內容包括: 本文內容主要包括 (一)前言;(二)昆蟲在生態系統的重要性;(三)昆蟲標本在農業與醫學上的應用-(1)昆蟲標本需有妥善的管理與維護,方能支援所有相關研究;(2)利用昆蟲標本表面的附著物(或寄生物)或體內共生物,從事農業昆蟲、醫學昆蟲的鑑定或昆蟲病理學之研究;(3)提供與解決分類問題,並為農業及醫學昆蟲驗明正身;(4)對害蟲擴散與疫情控制、生物多樣性研究及昆蟲保育等具有重大貢獻;(5)可輔助昆蟲組成的研究,並可將專家鑑定出的具名標本,予以集中為標本存證與鑑定中心;(四)昆蟲標本資源如何在農業與醫學上永續利用之展望;(五)參考文獻等
Type
conference paper

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