木瓜毒素病純系病毒之分離與二種不同病徵型病毒之寄主範圍與物理性質之比較
Other Title
Isolation and Comparison of Two Isolates of Papaya Ringspot Virus in Taiwan
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
28
Journal Issue
3
Pages
207-216
Date Issued
1979-09-10
Date
1979-09-10
Author(s)
張清安
Chin-An Chang
Abstract
本省之木瓜毒素病可於兩種藜科植物（Chenopodium amaranticolor 及C. quinoa ）上產生局部病斑。利用五種不同濃度之磷酸緩衝液，配合五種還原劑處理，均無法將C. amaran- ticolor上之單局部病斑回接至木瓜，但以相同之處理回接C. quinoa 之單局部病斑卻可獲得成功，所選用之五種不同濃度之磷酸緩衝液中以0.025 M 之效果最佳，五種還原劑處理則以0.1%之Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate（DIECA）效果最好。C. quinoa上之病斑出現後第六天單一局部病斑內所含病毒濃度達到最高，回接木瓜之成功率也最大。
利用上述方法已分離兩種在木瓜上產生不同病微之純系病毒（pure isolate）。其中病毒I 可造成木瓜植株之萎凋，葉柄或莖幹彎曲下垂，葉子焦枯而全株死亡，病毒II則不會造成植株萎凋而僅於葉部產生明顯之嵌紋病徵。除木瓜外二病毒之寄主範圍均僅限於藜科及葫蘆科之瓜類植物，其中尤以南瓜上之病徵二者共具最有顯著之差異。
經比二病毒之物理性質後發現，二者在耐熱性、耐冷凍性、耐保存性、耐稀釋性及沉降離心力上亦有明顯之不同。
Both Cheno podium amaranticolar and C. quinoa can be used as local lesion hosts for Papaya ringspot virus. None of the single lesions from C. amaranticolor can be re-inoculated to papaya seedlings by using 5 different concentration of phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, and 5 kinds of reducing agents, whereas the single lesion from C. quinoa can be successfully re-inoculated to papaya in the same experiment. Among the treatment, 0.025 M of phosphate buffer containing 0.1% Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA) is the best combination for the re-inoculation of single lesion of C. quinoa to papaya. The maximum virus concentration of one single lesion of C. quinoa is 6 days after lesion appearance, this is also the best favorable stage for re-inoculation.
Following this procedures, we have obtained two isolates of Papaya ringspot virus which designated it as Virus I and Virus II. Virus I can cause the papaya plant wilting, while Virus II produces conspicuous mosaic only. The host ranges of these two isolates are both limited in Chenopodiaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Among the hosts, squash is the only one whose symptom caused by these two isolates is extremely different.
Thermoinactivation point of Virus I is 45-50 c which is lower than that of Virus II whose is 55-60 c. Dilution end point of Virus I is 10-4-10-5 but Virus II is at 10-3-10-4. Longevity in vitro of Virus I is 10-11 days whereas Virus II has only 7-8 days.
Freezing the crude sap of these two isolates at -30 c for 24 hr retains 12.5% arid 11.1% infectivity for Virus I and II respectively.
Particles of Virus I can all be sedimentated after centrifuging at 25000 rpm (48200g), while Virus II needs 30000 rpm (69400g) for particle sedimentation.
According to the result, we consider that the causal agents of papaya virus disease in Taiwan may exist different strain or viruses, it needs further study to clarify this quesiton.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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