水稻精準施肥決策系統初擬
Other Title
Fertilization Recommendation System for Rice in Taiwan
Journal
應用於水稻精準農業體系之知識與技術
Part Of
農業試驗所特刊第101號
Pages
167-178
ISBN
957-01-1173-9
Date Issued
2002-06
Date
2002-06
Author(s)
Abstract
水稻精準施肥決策系統目前僅先進行台灣栽種面積較廣之台農67號、台梗8號與台中秈10號等品種之氮、磷、鉀三要素之推薦量，未涉及其他要素之推薦。氮肥推薦原則乃以前人水稻肥料試驗結果之推薦量範圍為基準，再依期作生產力、有機資材之施用量及土壤特性，依序調整其推薦量或施肥方式。調整程序乃先將1991年全省一、二期作十個生產力等級調整為四個等級，以決定推薦量基準，生產力愈高則推薦量愈高。推薦量再扣除有機資材或前作殘體之施用與將提供之肥分。若考慮生產良質米則僅施推薦量的90％。至於施肥方式，則採用深層施肥者以推薦量之70％為基肥，穗肥則依葉綠素測值或遙測資料決定全量施用或酌減施用；採用撒施者，則依土壤質地來決定每次施肥之比例，其穗肥之分配量依幼穗形成期之葉色或遙測資料決定全量或酌減施用。磷、鉀肥的推薦量則依土壤有效性磷、鉀的含量而定。磷肥之施肥方式以全部當基肥，但花蓮及宜蘭等地區則以推薦分施為原則，鉀肥之施肥方式亦以分施為原則。肥料實際施用量則依肥料種類再作調整。本系統將於91年度以此施肥推薦原則進行程式化。
Three major essential elements (N, P, K) are involved in current fertilization recommendation system. The fertilization recommendation for nitrogen is based on the results of experiments conducted in Taiwan, and adjusted with the crop productivity, organic material application, and soil properties. The crop productivity rankings are divided into four levels, modified from the ten levels of productivity rating of paddy in Taiwan. The higher the productivity the higher rate of fertilization is recommended. The rate should be deducted for the nitrogen released from the residue of the previous crop. The rate is deducted by the 90% recommended rate for the production of high prized rice. The rate was adjusted by 70% rate as long as the fertilizer was applied in deep- depth and was split into several dressings during rice growth. The rate for panicle initiation stage was dependent on the leaf chlorophyll value or remote sensing information. The amount of the individual three or four splits was decided by soil texture provided broadcast application is adopted. After nitrogen rate was decided, the actual fertilizer rate can be calculated with different kind of fertilizers. The recommendation rates for phosphorus and potassium were dependent on the levels of available P and K in the soil. The varieties of rice included in the system were Tainung 67, Taiken 8 and Taichung Sen 10. The fertilization recommendation system yielded from this project will be programmed and be completed by the end of 2002.
Event(s)
水稻精準農業體系之研究計畫階段性成果研討會
Subjects
水稻
施肥
決策系統
Rice
Fertilization
Recommendation system
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
conference paper
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