水稻抗稻熱病混合品種之抗病性及生產力研究
Other Title
Yield and Resistance of Rice Blast Resistant Composite Varieties
Journal
中華農業研究
Journal Volume
24
Journal Issue
1-2
Start Page
1
End Page
10
Date Issued
1975-09-01
Date
1975-09-01
Author(s)
邱善美
鄧耀宗
S.M. Chiu
Y.C. Teng
Abstract
1. 抗病品系之混合品種較感病品種確有控制稻熱病蔓延之效。臺南5號或嘉南8號均為感病品種，其第一期作葉稻熱病之罹病率分別為35.7％及85.3%。第二期作為50.2％及89.2％。混合品種之罹病率，第一期作以5-1、9-1及31-2最低，僅有1.0％之罹病率，最高者為40-2，但亦僅有5.1％。第二期作以3-1及5-1之罹病率最低(罹病率1.5%)，以7-1最高(罹病率10.5%)。至於穗稻熱病之罹病率亦很明顯的可以看出混合品種低於對照品種。
2. 在發病地區混合品種與對照品種的稻穀產量，一、二期作均顯示品種間有極顯著的差異存在。第一期以33-2產量最高，次為41-2、40-2、31-2、3-1等品種。第二期作因發病程度較第一期為嚴重，混合品種單位面積產量有更突出的表現，如41-2產量較對照品種約增收一倍以上，其他各混合品種亦增收40~70％之間。由此可認定在稻熱病發生地區種植混合品種有穩定產量之功效。
3. 一般環境下，種植混合品種之結果，顯示在臺北及嘉義品種間產量差異不顯著。屏東第一期作以嘉南8號產量最高，41-2次之，但差異並不顯著。第二期作品種間差異極顯著，以3-1及7-1產量最高，分別較對照品種增產30％及10%，其他品種問差異不顯著。
This study is aimed at developing composite varieties which are composed of promissing blast resistance lines from Taichung 184, 186, Taichung yu 115, Pino 4 and C 115, with the genetic background of varieties Tainan 5 and Chianan 8. The blast resistance of composite varieties was tested at Pinglin where the disease prevails severely in both the 1st and 2nd crops. For the yield trial, four locations were included, namely Pinglin, Taipei, Chiayi and Pingtung. Results of the study are concluded as follows:
1. The composite varieties gave a successful control over the prevalence of the disease. The degree of leaf blast infections of the recurrent parents Tainan 5 and Chianan 8, was 35.7% and 50.2% in the 1st crop, 85.3 and 89.2% in the 2nd crop, respectively, while that of the composite varieties ranged from 1.0% (varieties 5-1, 9-1 and 31-2) to 5.1% (variety 40-2) in the 1st crop, and 1.5% (varieties 3-1 and 5-1) to 10.5% (variety 7-1) in the 2nd crop, with an average of 3.27%.
2. The composites outyielded the recurrent parents by 10-34% in the 1st crop and
57-104% in the 2nd crop. The difference was highly significant, especially, when the disease epidemic was severe in the 2nd crop.
3. With the non-infected plots in Taipei and Chiayi, no significant difference in grain yield was observed between the composites and the parental varieties. However it was significant at Pingtung district in both rice crop seasons. The composite varieties 3-1 and 7-1 outyielded Tainan 5 by 10-30%, while varieties 40-2, 31-2, 33-2 and 41-2 yielded less than Chianan 8 by 5-13% in 2nd crop season.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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