坡地香蕉園水土保持方法比較試驗
Other Title
Experiment of Soil Conservation Methods on Slopeland Banana Plantation
Journal
中華農學會報
Journal Issue
新68
Pages
92-106
Date Issued
1969-12
Author(s)
廖綿濬
王孝才
張雙滿
M. C. LIAO
H. T. WANG
S. M. CHANG
Abstract
(一)本試驗之目的為探求蕉園最經濟而有效之水土保持方法，以作改進及推廣之依據。
(二)由本試驗7種處理顯示各種水土保持處理方法之效果，均較淨耕區為優，可知坡地香蕉園必需實施水土保持。其中以水平式平臺階段逕流量與乾土流失量最少，旱季時土壤水分含量多，每公頃理論產量亦為最高；而淨耕區之各項效果均差。故水平式平臺?段具較高之保土、蓄水及增產等效益。但因構築成本高昂，不便機耕作業，就目前了解範圍而言：似仍以草帶法及敷蓋以漸次形成平臺?段或減少坡度較為經濟有利；唯仍在繼續進行試驗探究中。
This experiment was carried out on a 28% slope banana plantation with clay loam soil at Chichi, Nantou Hsien from February 1965 to December 1968. The object is to find out the most appropriate soil conservation method for extension. Randomized complete block design was adopted with four replications and seven treatments namely: (A) bench terrace with 15 cm reverse slope and with 20 cm topsoil, (B) bench terrace with 15 cm reverse slope and without topsoil. (C)level bench with 20 cm topsoil and with drainage outlet, (D) level bench terrace without topsoil and with drainage outlet, (E) individual basin, (F) vegetative barriers of weeping lovegrass, (G) clean-cultivated plot as check. The results are summarized as fallows: (1) Level bench terrace has minimum run-off. Bench terrace with topsoil ranks second. Vegetative barrier of weeping lovegrass reduces run-off considerably. Clean cultivated plot has maximum run-off. From the difference of the linear regression coefficient, there is a significant difference between the six treatments and the clean cultivated plot that the former are more effective than the latter. (2) The amount of soil loss in each treatment is proportional to that of run-off. Minimum soil loss of about 3 tons per hectare in three years from level bench terrace is less than that from the reverse slope type. Vegetative barrier of weeping lovegrass is effective in reducing soil loss. Maximum soil loss of 277 tons per hectare is obtained from the clean-cultivated plot. It is 92 times of the level bench terrace. (3) During the dry season, level bench terrace has the maximum moisture contents which indicates that the retention of water is more than other treatments. Individual basin treatment and clean-cultivated plot are the minimum. (4) Level bench terrace has the highest fruit yield totaling 62-63 tons per hectare in three years. Reverse slope bench terrace with topsoil retained 59 tons/ha. Clean-cultivated plot the least. Although level bench terrace conserves more soil and water and increase yield, its construction by farm machinery is more expensive. According to the results of the experiments entitled " Observation on terraces formation by vegetative barriers" and "Experiment of vegetative barrier on slopeland banana plantation," vegetative barrier may be adopted.
Subjects
水土保持
坡地
香蕉園
Publisher
中華農學會
Type
journal article