積穀混拌藥劑貯存殘餘毒效持久性試驗
Other Title
Residual Persistance on the Control of Stored Granary Insects with Insecticide Dust
Journal
農業研究
Journal Volume
9
Journal Issue
3
Start Page
24
End Page
27
Date Issued
1960-12-04
Date
1960-09-04
Author(s)
林欉
Tsung Lin
Abstract
保護倉儲積穀防除積穀害蟲為害之方法雖多，其中以應用粉劑混拌積穀貯存之方法最為簡便，但必需應用殘毒性(Residual effect)長之粉劑，才能收到預期之防治效果。本省過去係利用保粒寧粉劑混拌積穀防治積穀害蟲，後發現其殘餘毒效持久性不長，乃進而改為施用靈丹粉劑，二種粉劑之殘餘毒效持久性究相差若干，為明瞭其殘毒效消失情形，乃進行本項室內試驗，以作選用二種粉劑取捨之依據。
本次試驗係將供試驗之積穀引入穀象後，置於定溫箱內（溫度為29~30℃），每經過72、96與144小時取出檢查，此項溫度與本省中南部之倉庫溫度頗為接近，所穫試驗結果，足以作一般倉貯情形之代表。
於表1，與表2之試驗結果，知保粒寧粉劑之殘餘毒效持久性顯然比較靈丹為弱，保粒寧粉劑經貯存至2個月，毒效即減低一半以上，3個月後僅留極微之毒效，已不能達到防治害蟲所要求之標準，反觀靈丹粉劑貯存至8個月，其毒效約在50%以上，至10個月時，毒效反增至約70%，遠較保粒寧粉劑為優。再觀圖1，與圖2，保粒寧粉劑貯存期間，其殘餘毒效下降之速度很快，靈丹粉劑下降之速度較緩。
二種粉劑混拌積穀糙米貯存期間，糙米中所發生之害蟲死亡率之比較，貯存10個月後，保粒寧粉劑對糙米中所發生之害蟲死亡率為51.6%，而靈丹粉劑約高達94.2%，貯存至9個月時，靈丹粉劑組各月所發生之害蟲全部死亡，而保粒寧粉劑組貯存至3個月即見有害蟲發生，二者相差為5個月，由上點試驗結果，顯然是靈丹粉劑之殘毒效持久性遠較保粒寧粉劑為優，毫無疑問。
綜觀之，應用保粒寧粉劑混拌積穀貯存，對積穀害蟲之殘毒效只能維持2~3個月，若改用靈丹粉劑其殘餘毒效則可維持10個月以上，迨無疑義。
0.08% pyrethrins-1.2% piperonyl butoxide dust 1:500 and 0.2% lindane dust 1:500 were mixed in 20 kilograms of brown rice including check (untreated) kept in ordinary room temperature for use in this study. 200 grams of kept rice were taken out monthly and added 200 adults of alive rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae Linne for residual test and then keeping in incubator around 29-30℃. After 72, 95 and 144 hours respectively all dead weevils were picked out and its mortality was counted as the indicator of the insecticide residual effects. The results were shown in tables 1-3 and figures 1-2.
According to these figures, the residual effect of pyrenone dust seemed to be much shorter than lindane dust, Its residual effect decreased 50 % over and almost nil after 2 and 3 months keeping respectively. While lindane dust even being kept for 8 months the residual effect was still having 50% over and 10 months later the effect contrarily increased to 70%. This phenomenon is unable to be explained now and has to wait for additional study.
Observation on the stored rice mixed with pyrenone or lindane dust after 10 months storage, the mortality of pyrenone and lindane treatments were 51.6% and 94.2% respectively. Whenever, lindane treatment in 9 months storage, the occurred weevils were all dead but in pyrenone treatment there were all alive. Therefore the difference between these two insecticides showed that the effect of lindane had 5 more months longer than pyrenone did.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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