臺灣之蝴蝶蘭產業
Other Title
The Industry of Phalaenopsis in Taiwan
Journal
興大園藝
Journal Volume
26
Journal Issue
1
Pages
27-42
Date Issued
2001-03
Date
2001-03
Author(s)
Abstract
臺灣因氣候適宜及擁有豐富種源，極適於發展蝴蝶蘭產業。早期許多趣味者收集了豐富種源並育成許多優良雜交種，促使臺灣蝴蝶蘭產業可快速由趣味栽培轉型為商業栽培。但因生產成本日漸提高，使台灣蝴蝶蘭產業近年來有外移的問題。隨著生產者之外移，栽培技術及種源也隨之移轉，是台灣蝴蝶蘭產業最大的危機。對品質之要求愈來愈高是國際市場的趨勢，而高品質植株之生產，則需有適當品種與優良栽培技術兩者結合。臺灣雖土地及勞工成本高，但有優良種源及栽培技術，因此生產高品質之高價值產品，可能是未來台灣蝴蝶蘭產業的出路。因盆苗之生產需大面積溫室，對高土地成本的臺灣而言是競爭弱勢。因次發展比盆苗生產相對高技術需求及高收益之瓶苗生產，亦可能是台灣蝴蝶蘭產業另一值得考慮的方向。擁有豐富種源及超過50年之育種經驗，是台灣蝴蝶蘭產業最大的優勢，而新品種之專利保護更迫切需要政府參與。面對國際間之挑戰，業者需相互合作才可維持台灣蝴蝶蘭王國的地位。
The rich native resources and suitable climate enhance Taiwan to raise phalaenopsis as commercial products. The abundant collection of wild species and many hybrids bred by hobbyists in the early dates speeded up the change of phalaenopsis production from amateur culture to commercial industry. The gradual increase of production cost in Taiwan has resulted in problem of the outflow in this industry. Along with it is the transfer of cultural technique and cultivars to other countries, which has become the most serious risk for the phalaenopsis industry in Taiwan.
In international market, there is a tendency of demand for high quality plants. A combination of suitable hybrids and good propagation techniques is needed in order to produce high quality phalaenopsis. The production of high quality and high priced plants may also be a good solution of for Taiwan phalaenopsis production in the future, to face the challenge of high labor and costs. Since Taiwn does not have a large area of greenhouses for mass production of pot phalaenopsis, when compared with other Asian countries, it is worthwhile considering produce phalaenopsis production in Taiwan since it has a much higher rewards than the greenhouse pot plant production.
The abundant germplasm and the experiences in breeding have become a great fortune for Taiwan phalaenopsis industry in the recent 50 years. More and more breeders are also now eager to get patent protection from government for new cultivars. In order to compete with other countries in the phalaenopsis industry, it has become an important issue for the cooperation among producers to seek ways to maintain Taiwan’s first position of phalaenopsis industry in the world.
Subjects
蝴蝶蘭
栽培系統
育種
產業
Moth orchid
Culture system
Breeding
Industry
Publisher
國立中興大學園藝學系
Type
journal article
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