水稻品種對三化螟蟲抵抗性之初步觀察(一）
Other Title
Preliminary observations on the susceptibility of rice varieties to Paddy Borer (Tryporyza incertulas Walker)
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
8
Journal Issue
2
Pages
154-162
ISBN
0577-750X
Date Issued
1966-06
Date
1966
Author(s)
鄭清煥
Ching-Huan Cheng
Abstract
1．供試30個水稻品種，枯心率均在30%以上，受害都屬嚴重；白穗率以矮腳種最低4.69%，列為較優抗螟品種；烏占，員粒兩品種均在10%以下，列為中等抗螟品種；其他各品種均列為易受螟害品種。較優抗螟品種與易受螟害品種間之白穗率相差7倍。
2．易受螟害品種的莖內所生存之螟蟲數目較較優抗螟品種莖內者為高，平均最高與最低相差17倍左右。
3．印度型水稻品種之枯心率（34.93%～60%）較日本型品種者（33.11%～56.88%）略高；但白穗率則日本型品種的C15.73%～30.48%）反顯著的較印度型品種者（4.69%～29.46%）為高。
各品種之分蘗期與孕穗期對三化螟蟲為害的感受程度不一致。
4．螟蛾產卵量與各品種之分蘗株數（r=+0.451)，株高(r=＋0.353),劍葉長(r=+408)均具顯著的相關，與劍葉寬相關不明顯，葉面具長毛之品種平均產卵率較光滑品種者為高，達28.78%。
5．水稻在分蘗期受三化螟為害，其被害率與各品種之分蘗株數(r＝-0.55)，具極顯著的相關，與劍葉寬、劍葉長則相關不明顯，葉片具長毛之品種，受害似較不嚴重。
6．水稱早期受螟害區，其晚期平均每叢穗數除CP321×H012及sigadis兩品種，較早期受保護區減少外，其他各品種均普遍增加，增加範圍達0.76%～112.56%，其產量惜受鳥害甚重無法比較計算，在本省栽培制度及螟蟲發生情形下，早期受螟蟲為害是否影響晚期之產量，有待進一步之試驗觀察。
A total of 30 rice varieties were chcsen for test under field condition to determine the variation of susceptibility to Paddy Borers. The test was divided into two parts. Each variety was transplanted in blocks of 1.Oxl.4 meters, in seven rows and four lines, 20 and 25 centimeters apart repectively, and with three replications. Thirty days after transplanting, all of the test varieties in one part of each replication were artificially infested by implanting 4 egg masses on the leaves for the test of maximum tillering stage, while at 70 days it was done on the other part for the late-booting stage test. Observations were made at 60 days after transplanting for dead hearts and at 10 days before harvest for white heads. The surviving larvae whithin a cuim were also counted in each block. Results are shown in Table 1.
The Percentages of dead hearts at maximum tillering stage varied from 33.1 to 60, while infested tiller from 51.01 to 82.92, and white heads at the test of heading stage ranged from 4.69 to 30.48, infested tiller from 10.00 to 48.46. Infestations on the different varieties varied significantly in all measurements but dead heart; the susceptible varieties had about 7 and 8 times more white heads and the number of living larvae per hill than the resistant varieties.
Japonica-type varieties were somewhat less susceptible to Paddy Borers at the early stages of growth than Indica-types, but the formation of white heads, Japonica become even more susceptible than Indica varieties. The results were similar to those obtained by the International Rice Research Institute, (I. R. R. I.) 1963-64.
At the maximum tillering stage, it was found that correlated coefficients recorded between the number of egg masses laid and the height of plant, length of leaves, and the number of tiller were +0.353, +0.408, and +0.451, respectively, but, no significant correlation was found between width of leaves and the number of egg masses. The 1eaf surface in varieties with comparatively long and close hairs appeared to have more oviposition than those with short or sparse hairs. Among the test varieties, the Indica-type varieties generally had more tiller, higher cuim, and hairy leaf surface, and hence, more eggs masses were laid.
Paddy Borers infested at the maximum tillering stage, the average number of tillers per hill in a variety was negatively correlated with the percentage of infested tillers (r= -0.554), but the correlation was not significant at the heading stage.
Height of plant, width and length of leaves showed no relation to borer infested tiller at early growing stage and the heading stage in those test varieties.
Subjects
水稻
三化螟蟲
Publisher
植病保護學會
Type
journal article
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