果園土壤及葉片營養診斷資訊系統之初擬
Other Title
Soil and Leaf Diagnosis Information System for Orchard in Taiwan : A Proposal
Start Page
85
End Page
115
Date Issued
1989-05
Date
1989-05
Author(s)
陳琦玲
連深
C.L. Chen
S. Lian
Abstract
本系統是以倚天中文系統和Clipper資料庫管理系統套裝軟體所建立，內含一個果園資料庫及二個應用程式。資料庫可供每一果園存進生育肥培管理調查資料37項，葉片要素分析資料10項及各層（0~20、20~40、40~60crn）土壤性質要素含量資料共27項，加上果園編號和土壤，葉片樣本編號，共有77項資料。
兩個應用程式之一為果樹營養診斷程式。其診斷與推薦原則，主要係依據葉片要素濃度與各要素適宜濃度範圍或臨界基準之差異及缺乏徵狀之有無，判定果樹營養狀況，並參照部份土壤特性、肥力狀況及現行施肥量，推薦肥料需要量及其他土壤營養管理改良之對策。目前可以進行診斷的果樹種類有柑桔、葡萄、梨、枇杷、楊桃、芒果、蓮霧和番荔枝等八種果樹，診斷的營養要素包括氮、磷、鉀、鈣、鎂、硼、銅、鐵、錳和鋅等十種。各種果樹之各要素適宜濃度範圍或基準係依據本省多處果園長期肥料試驗或田間調查所定，但目前除了柑桔外，由於試驗資料欠缺，其他的果樹以暫引用國外基準者為多，尚待進一步研究試驗以確定和修正。
應用程式之二為化學肥料慣用量與果園肥力和果樹營養狀況各級別分布百分比的統計。繁瑣的營養診斷步驟和費時的統計運算，藉電腦程式的設計可大為簡化與便捷化。以中文作為輸入和輸出的格式，則可使資訊系統的應用普遍化，隨時提供農民和基層診斷人員初步的診斷及統計結果，作為果園肥培管理和改良對策之參考。惟資料尚待進一步的擴充或修正,並需多應用程式之設計，以整合研究試驗之成果，發揮試驗研究之功能，使果園資訊系統能提供多有意義的資訊供農民和研究人員參考。
The soil and leaf diagnosis information system is established using the ET Chinese system package and clipper database management system package. The system consists of an orchard data bank and two application programs.
The data bank provides: 1) 37 items to cover the data of growth fertilization and other management practices, 2) 10 items to cover the data of various nutrient concentration in leaves, 3) 27 items to cover the data of various soil properties and fertility in the profile layers of 0~20, 20~40, 40~60 cm. It also provides 3 items to cover the serial number of orchard and samples of leaf and soil. con sequently, there are total of 77 items for each orchard in the data bank.
One of the application programs is for the diagnosis of nutrition and recommendation. The principles of diagnosis and recommendation are based mainly on the judgement of nutrient status comparing the nutrient concentrations of leaves to be diagnosed with those of the optimum nutrient criteria established¡¦ and the existence of de ficient symptoms on the leaves or the informations provided by the local a gents. Some soil properties related to fertility as well as current rates of fertilization are also taken into account in recommending fertilizer and management practices. There are eight kinds of fruit trees, namely, citrus, grape, pear, loquat, carambola, mango, wax apple and custard apple in the program at present. The nutrient elements to be diagnosed are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, copper, iron, manganese and zinc. The optimum nutrient criteria for each kinds of trees should be based on the results of long term fertilization experiments and field surveys con ducted for each kinds of trees in this country. However, except citrus most of the criteria are adapted from foreign countries, due to insufficiency of local data available. Consequently they are subject to be confirmed further and should be revised after more field experiments and surveys conducted.
Another program is for the statistics of percentage distributions of the rates of chemical fertilizers applied, the status of fertility in the soil as well as that of nutrient in the trees. The time-consuming work of diagnosis and complicated calculation in statisticsc an be simplifed and speeded up using the programs. The system conducted in Chinese can be accepted easily by the local farmer and agents. And the informations acquaired from the system will be a basis for the management of fertility and plant nutrition in the orcha rds. The system will provide more meaningful informations for the farmers as well as researchers by extending the capacity of the data bank and improving the design of program with more experimental data obtained further.
Event(s)
果園作物營養診斷應用研習會
Proceeding of a Workshop Application Of Nutritional Diagnosis In The Orchards Of Taiwan
Publisher
臺灣省農業試驗所
Type
book part
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