不同期作對於綠豆種原外表形態特性之評估
Other Title
Evaluation on Morphological Characterization of Mungbean Germplasm in Different Cropping
Journal
中華農學會報
Journal Volume
1
Journal Issue
3
Pages
307-324
Date Issued
2000-06
Date
2000-06
Abstract
本研究為瞭解綠豆原之異，自國家作物種原中心(NPGRC)逢機抽取97個參試材料及利用栽培種台南5號做為對照，進行外表形態特性調查，並利用相關及複變數分析，藉以瞭解數量性狀(5個營養性狀、4個莢性狀、4個種子性狀)在北部春、夏(逆、順境)期作的變異情形。根據x2檢定97種綠豆種原逢機樣品與亞洲蔬菜發展研究中心 (AVRDC) 的5363份綠豆搜集種原之13種質的性狀百分比頻度，發現其中6個性狀的分布相當接近，因此本試驗逢機抽取2% (97/3370) 的參試樣品應該具有種原逢機代表性。在不同順、逆境期作下，每株莢數、莢重及種子重有較高的CV值，而每莢粒數及剝實率則反之，至於成熟日數則在春、夏二作間的變異度並不一致。比較不同期作下的13個數量性狀之平均值差異發現除了成熟日數及百粒重外其餘11個性狀均達極顯著的差異。種質遺傳率係以栽培種台南5號作為環境變方估算，因此有高估的現象。在不同期作間，開花日期、每株莢數及百粒重均具有高的廣泛遺傳率，而每莢粒數則反之。在成熟株高、每株花序數及莢長度則有不同的期作效應。根據數量性狀分群結果可知，大部份印度種原(97個參試材料中，印度種原佔52個，春作38/52，夏作28/52)被歸在同一群，而其它國家種原則被分散在各群中。並且春作的I、G及H三群分別與夏作的H、D、E及G四群的參試品系組成相似。兩期作簡單性狀相關分析，除了每株花序數與開花日數外，其它營性狀在期作間皆有一致性。在結莢性狀方面，成熟日數與其它性狀在期作間不一致。而種子性狀在二期作間則具有一致性。在複變值分析中，株高與開花日數等初期營養性狀對產量有間接的影響；而後期性狀則對產量有直接貢獻其中以每株莢數及百粒重有較髙的貢獻。
The purpose of this study was to estimate the variation in mungbean germplasm. Ninty-seven accessions were randomly sampled from the National Plant Genetic Resources Center (NPGRC) and the local cultivar Tainan 5 (TN5) was included as a check. Several morphological traits were investigated in this study. Simple correlation and multivariate analysis were used to estimate the variation of quantitative characters (five vegetative traits, four pod traits, four seed traits) in the spring and summer crops of 1998 at Taipei. The 97 randomly selected accessions from the NPGRC germbank was a representative sample judging by the comparable distribution of the 13 evaluated traits. Number of pods per plant, pod weight and seed weight had higher CV value in different crops. Number of seeds pod and threshing rate was contrary. But CV value of the days of maturation was inconsistent in different seasons. To compare of means of 13 quantitative characters in different clopping effect, highly significant difference were detected among the all characters between spring and summer seasons, except days of maturation and 100-seed weight. Due to cultivar TN 5 was used to estimate variance of environment , germplasm heritability were over-estimates. Days to flowering, No. of pods per plant and 100-seed weight had high heritability in spring and summer crops, but No. of seeds per pod was low. Plant height at maturation, NO. of flower clusters per plant and pod length had different response between crops. Based on quantitative characters were grouped, most of India germplasm (38/52, 28/52) were grouped into the same group and the other countries germplasm distributed in each group. The group I, G and H in the spring crop is similar to group H, D, E and G in the summer crop. In simple correlation analysis, No. of flower cluster per plant and days to flowering were inconsistent respectively in different crops, but other vegetative characters were not. Correlations between days of maturation and Other pod characters were inconsistent with different cropping effect. Correlations between all seed characters were consistent. In multivariate analysis, two vegetative characters of plant height and days to flowering had indirect effect with gram yield. The pod characters had large direct effect with grain yield due to late growth stage, especially No. of pods per plant and 100- seed weight.
Subjects
綠豆
種原
變異
外表型
遺傳率
群聚分析
逐步複迴歸
mungbean
germplasm
variation
phenotype
heritability
cluster analysis
stepwise multiple regressron
Publisher
中華農學會
Type
journal article