南黃薊馬天敵：中華斑腿盲椿象(Campylomma chinensis Schuh)與曹氏小黑花椿象(Orius sauteri (Poppius))之補食能力
Other Title
The predacious capacity of two natural enemies of Thrips palmi Karny, Cam pylomma chinensis Schuh (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Onus sautenl (Popplus) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
36
Journal Issue
2
Pages
141-154
Date Issued
1994-06
Date
1994-06
Author(s)
王清玲
Wang, C.L.
Abstract
茄園中華斑腿盲樁象(Campylomma chinensis Schuh)發生較曹氏小黑花樁象(Orius sauteri (Poppius))普遍。兩者以茄葉與南黃薊馬(Thrips palmi Karny)幼蟲為食物，於20、25、30℃下，若蟲均於30℃發育最快且每日之平均捕食量最高；前者之若蟲發育需12.6日，其間共捕食薊馬146.0隻，後者之若蟲發育需10.9日，共捕食薊馬127.4隻；中華斑腿盲樁象羽化率以25℃之75.0％最高；曹氏小黑花樁象羽化率以25℃與30℃時分別為65.0％與57.1％較高。此兩種樁象對南黃薊馬、棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)及神澤葉蟎(Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida)的捕食無明顯偏好性。兩種樁象對供試獵物之捕食時間大多於5～8分鐘內結束，唯小黑花樁象吸食蚜蟲每次花費14分鐘以上。只供給茄葉而無任何獵物無法使此兩種樁象之初孵化若蟲生存3日以上。在供給茄葉與外米綴蛾(Corcyra cephalonica Stainton)卵、或薊馬、蚜蟲、葉蟎等數種不同食物組合中，中華斑腿盲樁象若蟲捕食薊馬時生存率(75.0%）高於捕食蛾卵（15.0%）或葉蟎（25.0%）或蚜蟲（40.0%)，每隻盲樁象一生平均可捕食薊馬485～498隻，或葉蟎152～168隻，或蚜蟲189～196隻。曹氏小黑花樁象若蟲取食薊馬時存活率65.0%，高於取食蛾卵(26.3%)或葉蟏(31.6%)，每隻花樁象一生共捕食薊馬238～306隻，或葉蝸508～632隻。
In eggplant field, Cam pylomma chinensis Schuh existed with higher population densities than O. sauteri (Poppius). When nymphs of C. chinensis and O. sauteri were fed with eggplant leaf and thrips (Thrips paimi Karny) larvae under 20, 25 and 30℃ the average number of thrips consumed per day were highest under 30℃, the C. chinensis developed to adult in 12.6 days and consumed 146.0 thrips, and the O. sauteri developed in 10.9 days and consumed 127.4 thrips. The survival rate of C. chinensis from nymph to adult under 25℃ was 75.0%, higher than it under 20℃ (60.0%) and 30℃ (50.0%). The survival rate of O. sauteri was 65.0% and 57.1% under 25℃ and 30℃, respectively, higher than it of 20℃ (16.7%). Both bugs did not show evident preference on food selection among thrips, spidcr mites (Tctrnychus kanzawai Kishida), and aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover). When feeding, a sting generally lasted from five to eight minutes, except that Onus bug spent over 14 minutes in average to suck the aphid. The newly hatched bugs of both species fed with eggplant leaf without any preys died within three days. Nymphs of C. chinensis showed higher survival rate (75.0%) when fed with thrips than with mites (25.0%), or aphids (40.0%) or moth (Corcyra cephalonica Stainton) eggs (15.0%). In average, one Campylomma bug ate 485-498 thrips, or 152-168 mites, or 189-196 aphids in its whole life. Nymph of O. sauteri showed higher survival rate (65.0%) when fed with thrips than with mites (31.6%), or with eggs (26.3%). One Onus bug ate 238-306
thrips, or 50 8-632 mites in its whole life.
Subjects
中華斑腿盲樁象
曹氏小黑花樁象
捕食能力
南黃薊馬
神澤葉蟎
棉蚜
Campylomma chinensis
Onus sauteni
predation
Thrips palmi
Tetranychus kanzawai
Aphis gossypii
Publisher
植物保護學會
Type
journal article
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