百合灰黴病之發生條件與病勢進展
Other Title
Factors affecting disease development of Botrytis leaf blight of lily caused by Botrytis elliptica
Journal
植物保護學會會刊
Journal Volume
40
Journal Issue
3
Pages
227-240
Date Issued
1998-05
Date
1998-05
Author(s)
Abstract
百合灰黴病菌(Botrytis elliptica)孢子發芽之溫度範圍為8至36℃。在蒸餾水中本菌之孢子發芽率可達95％以上，然在相對濕度98％以下，孢子卻不發芽。在水分潛勢介於-2.5至-75 bars間本菌孢子發芽率均不受影響；惟在低於-30bars時，本菌菌絲生長即受限制。百合灰黴病發病溫度介於12與24℃問，最適發病溫度為20℃，溫度超過32℃即不表現病徵。百合灰黴病菌於風乾的鐵炮百合雜交品種葉片上，在19至29℃下，經5天仍可感染並引起病徵，惟在31℃下經3天後即已無法引發病微。台灣百合灰黴病的發生時期，在平地為1-6月，中海拔地區為4-6月及10-12月，而高海拔地區則發生於6-10月。病害發生之頻度以鐵炮百合最高，其次為葵百合(cv. Star Garzer)、姬百合(cv. Positano)及香水百合(cv. Casa Blancaz0。在田間百合灰黴病的分佈初呈點狀零星發生，後期呈全面性感染。雖然百合灰黴病最初發生於葉片，但花苞比葉片更為感病。設施內栽植百合可減緩本病之發生，而露天栽培時提早發生，且擴展較快。百合灰黴病菌具寄主專一性，在本研究未見其危害其他作物。
Borytis leaf blight caused by Botiytis elliptica is an important foliar disease of ornamental lilies in Taiwan. The required temperature for spore germination of B. elliptica was ranged from 8 to 36℃. Percentage of spore germination was more than 5% in distilled water and 25-32% under 100% relative humidity at 20t, but no spore germinated when the relative humidity was under 98%. Spore germination of B. elliptica was not significantly different on corn meal agar with water potential ranging from -2.5 to -75 bars at 20℃, while its mycelial growth was markedly inhibited at or below -30 bars. The favorable temperatures for plant infection by B. elliptica ranged from 12 to 24℃ and the optimal one for disease development was at 20℃. However, no disease occurred at or over 32℃. Duration of dryness at different temperatures after inoculation affected the disease development. After 5-days air-dried duration, the symptoms appeared at 19, 23 and 29℃, but did not at 31C. The period of disease occurrence of Botrytis leaf blight on lilies in Taiwan was as follows: from January to June at lower sea-level area, from April to June and October to December at middle sea-level (600-800 m) area, and from June to October at higher sea-level (1200-2000 m) area. The higher frequency of disease occurrence was observed on Lilium longiflorurn (cv. Snow Queen), followed by L. oriental hybrid (cv. Star Gazer), L. asiatic hybrid (cv. Positano) and L oriental hybrid (cv Casa Blanca). Botrytis leaf blight was initially sporadic at lower leaves of lily plants and dispersed randomly in the field. When environmental conditions were favorable for disease development, the pathogen was rapidly disseminated to all of plants and serious disease broke out in the field. The flower part of plants was more susceptible to be infected by B. elliptica than leaf part. The disease severity was significantly reduced when lilies were grown under structure, however, the plants became severe infection by the pathogen when they were out of structure.
Subjects
百合
灰黴病
病勢進展
lily
Botrytis leaf blight
Botrytis elliptica
environmental factors
disease development
Publisher
植物保護學會
Type
journal article
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