根莖作物之施肥

黃山內; Shan Ney Huang

根莖作物之施肥

Other Title

The Fertilization of Root Crops in Taiwan

Journal

根莖作物生產改進及加工利用研討會專刊

Part Of

農業試驗所特刊第45號

Journal Issue

163-169

ISBN

957-00-4106-4

Date Issued

1994-06

Author(s)

黃山內

Shan Ney Huang

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/17161

Abstract

甘藷、馬鈴薯及樹薯為台灣重要之根莖作物，其地下塊莖（或根）之肥大現象是由於地上部行光合作用所生之碳水化合物，扣除供給本身維持生命所需之消耗後貯蓄而成，故欲提高塊莖（或根）產量，在生育初期或前期應促進莖蔓發育，中期維持莖蔓同化機能之旺盛，後期則促進地下塊莖（或根）之肥大。故此類作物之施肥方法，旨以配合達成生理週期完全發揮而達最大生產目的。台灣地區甘藷之施肥量，每公頃氮素用量在30~80公斤，磷酐30~40公斤，氧化鉀120~180公斤，強酸性土壤應施用石灰2,000公斤，以補鈣鎂之不足。葉片診斷可作為追施鉀肥之參考。樹薯之施肥量，每公頃為氮素90公斤，氧化鉀90~120公斤，磷酐75公斤。馬鈴薯在每公頃施用堆肥15公噸下，其化學肥料施用量氮素150~225公斤，磷酐150~200公斤，氧化鉀240~260公斤，其施用法在本文中介紹。 Sweet potato, lrish Potato and Cassava are the three main root crops in Taiwan. The enlargement and dry matter accumulation of roots or tubers depend solely on the net photosynthetic production by the above-ground portion of the plants. In view of the physiological characteristics of the plant at various developmental phases, how to accelerate the early-stage growth, maintain a vigorous mid-stage vegetative development, and enhance the late-stage root or tuber growth is essential to the increase of economic yield. The principle of fertilizer application is to supply the need of plant nutrients at various growth stages. The average rates of fertilizer for sweet potato production in Taiwan are 30-80 kg N/ha, 30-40 kg P2O5/ha, and 120-180 kg K2O/ha. In strongiy acidic soils, the application of 2,000 kg/ha, of calcium carbonate is recommended. Plant leaf diagnoses is useful to determine the potash application at mid-growth stage. For cassava the fertilization of N-P2O5-K2O = 90-75-90 kg/ha is generally used. The recommended fertilization rates for Irish potato, are 150~225 kg N/ha, 150~200 kg P2O5/ha, and 240~260kg K2O/ha in addition to 15 t/ha of compost.

Event(s)

根莖作物生產改進及加工利用研討會

Proceeding of A Symposium on Root Crop Yield Improvement, Processing and Utilization in Taiwan

Subjects

甘藷

樹薯

馬鈴薯

sweet potato

Irish potato

cassava

fertilization

Publisher

臺灣省農業試驗所嘉義農業試驗分所

Type

conference paper

File(s)

Name

45-9.pdf

Size

734.45 KB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

(MD5):ab4688e04780d6b290f102db438e71a9