抗葉及穗頸稻熱病遺傳之再研究 稻之遺傳因子分析之第六報
Other Title
Further Studies on the Inheritance of Resistance to Leaf and Neck Blast Diseases in Rice - Genic Analysis in Rice(VI)
Journal
農業研究
Journal Volume
14
Journal Issue
4
Start Page
1
End Page
10
Date Issued
1965-12-01
Date
1965-12-01
Author(s)
張德梅
謝順景
T.M. Chang
S.C. Hsieh
Abstract
利用蓬萊、在來及突變稻等 44 品種為親本作雜交，獲 32 個雜交組台，將其 Fl F2 及其双親，同時種植於毫中縣東勢，在自然環境下任其發病。葉稻熱病之發生程度，根據葉病斑面積率，然後換算為罹病指數，穗頸稻熱病之發生程度以罹病百分率表示之。
部分材料在臺北本所玻璃室內用噴撒法將胞子接種於幼苗上，並調查其病斑，另一試驗採用葉鞘接種法接種，並在顯微鏡下觀察細胞內之菌絲伸長度，以定感病之程度。
試驗結果，抗病 × 抗病之 Fl 及 F2 均為抗病，抗病 × 感病或感病 × 抗病之 Fl 為抗病，表示抗病性為顯性，在 F2 抗病及感病，則分離為 3 : 1 或 9 : 7 ，表示抗病性至少受二對之遺傳因子所支配。穗頸稻熱病之抵抗性在 F2抗病與感病之分離比有 3 : 1，9 : 7，27 : 37等三種，表示穗頸稻熱病之遺傳因子至少有三對。筆者等認為第 1 及第 2 抗病遣傳因子Pi1 Pi2 支配葉稻熱病，而另外加上第 3 因子Pi3支配穗頸稻熱病之抗性。求葉稻熱病與穗頸稻熱病抵抗性之相關結果，在本研究之範圍內大部分之情形下兩者之間有正相關關係。在自然發病狀態下抗病因子Pi與無葉舌因子lg有連鎖關係，但在玻璃室人工接種之狀態下則無此種連鎖關係發現，不同生理小種及不同環境，可能為其結果不同之原因。本研究中Pi與花青素著色因子 C 及 A 光穎因子 Ih ，芒因子 An糯性因子wx，穗枝彎曲因子Ur之間無連鎖關係發現。
F2 plants of 32 crosses together with their parents were planted in the field under the condition of natural infestion at Tunshu, Taichung Prefecture. Percentage of diseased leaf area was examined to determine the degree of disease infection. For artificially inoculated seedlings under the green house condition, disease lesion types were observed.
The F2s of crosses between two resistant strains were all resistant while those of between resistant and susceptible showed 3:1 and 9:7 ratios. This indicates that at least two genes are responsible for leaf blast resistance. For neck blast resistance, in the cross between resistant and susceptible strains 3:1, 9:7 and 27:37 ratios were found showing that three genes are concerned.
Positive correlation between leaf and neck blast resistances was found. It was assumed that genes Pi1 and Pi2 might control neck blast as well and the third gene Pi3 might work as a modifier.
Linkage between Pi and liguleless gene lg was found when the experiment was conducted under the natural infection condition; but no such linkage relation was recognized when the materials were artificially inoculated under the controlled glass-house condition. The course of such difference might be due to the different environmental conditions as well as different physiological races of blast fungus involved at that time.
Further, no linkage was found between genes of Pi and C, A, lh, An as well as wx.
Publisher
農業試驗所
Type
journal article
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