栽培密度及氮肥用量對玉米青刈產量之影響

陳建成; 王強生; 劉大江; C.C. Chen; C.S. Wang; D.J. Liu

doi:10.29951/JARC.199003.0003

栽培密度及氮肥用量對玉米青刈產量之影響

Other Title

Effects of Planting Density and N-Fertilization on the Silage Yie1d of Maize

Journal

中華農業研究

Journal Volume

39

Journal Issue

1

Pages

21-28

Date Issued

1990-03-03

Date

1990-03-03

Author(s)

陳建成

王強生

劉大江

C.C. Chen

C.S. Wang

D.J. Liu

DOI

10.29951/JARC.199003.0003

URI

https://scholars.tari.gov.tw/handle/123456789/13707

Abstract

本試驗以臺農1號及臺農351號王米品種為材料，於秋作栽培時比較種植密度及氮肥用量對青刈產量及植株總營養消化率（TDN）的影響，並探討秋裡作密植短期栽培生產青刈玉米的可能性。秋作試驗行距為75cm而株距為14、18與25cm時，密植可提高青刈產量，吐絲後36日之鮮重已達高峰，但乾物重仍持續增加；品種間差異不顯著，唯臺農351號有全株鮮重表現超越臺農1號而穗鮮重卻低於臺農1號的趨勢，推測臺農351號果穗發育較慢，且植株生長屬後期優勢型。氮肥試驗係以臺農1號為材料，施以60及180kg N/ha處理，顯示明顯之氮肥增產效應。秋裡作晚植栽培試驗顯示，於10月中旬播種接，105日之鮮重亦可達50t/ha，但含水量過高，乾物產量低，11月上旬播種後112日之鮮重與乾物產量均低；晚植栽培未發現密度處理對青刈產量之正面效應，乾物產量並有因密植而降低的趨勢，由於植株發育因低溫影響而極度緩慢，且可能延緩水分含量降低速率，因此欲於裡作栽培青刈玉米，除應考慮品種及栽培方法外，亦應注重與環境因子之可能交感作用。本試驗中玉米之總營養消化率隨收穫期延後而提高，為穗部與全株乾物比率提高所致，不受品種、栽培密度與氮肥用量之顯著影響，最高可達73％左右。就產量而言，在秋作如以高密度及重氮肥栽培，臺農1號與臺農351號可用為青刈品種，但本試驗結果尚不能肯定在裡作生產青刈飼料之價值及可行性。 Maize hybrids Tainung 1 and Tainung 351 were cultivated in the fall crop to study the effects of planting density and N-fertilization on the silage yield and total digestible nutrient percentage (TDN). Hybrid Tainung 351 was also cultured as a winter crop at high density to evaluate the possibility of growing silage maize under low temperature condition. In the fall crop, dense planting tended to produce high silage yield for both hybrids. Yield over 50t/ha was recorded for spacing treatments of 75×14 and 75×18cm. Heavy N-fertilization was also necessary for growing silage maize under the experimental conditions. When planted in mid-October as a winter crop at spacing of 75×10 or 75×l8cm, yield of fresh matter could also reach 50t/ha. However, dry matter yield was low due to high moisture content. Delayed planting at early November showed reduced yields of both fresh and dry matter. No planting-density effect on silage yield was found in the winter crop season. TDN value, up to 74%, increased with the advance of ear development and was not influenced by hybrid, planting density and N-fertilization. In conclusion, both Tainung 1 and Tainung 351 hybrids could be used for silage production when cultured under high density and N-fertilization. The practicality of production in the winter crop remained to be clarified.

Publisher

農業試驗所

Type

journal article

File(s)

Name

journal_arc_39-1-3.pdf

Size

1.07 MB

Format

Adobe PDF

Checksum

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