基因型與環境交感效應變方成分劃分在落花生品系試驗中環境評估之應用

Abstract

本研究利用二十個落花生品系（種）為材料，於臺中縣霧峰及雲林縣崙背進行春、秋兩期作之田間試驗，估算籽粒產量之基因型變方成分、環境變方、廣義遺傳率、遺傳相關、基因型與環境交感效應之變方成分，並進行基因型與環境交感效應之變方成分劃分，藉以評估目前農試所品系試驗中對於試區與期作選定之適當性。試驗結果顯示：劃分基因型與環境交感效應之變方成分，在所有情形下，基因型與環境交感效應主要由於不同環境間遺傳相關差異所引起（64.85～99.97％），而僅有一小部分乃係由於不同環境間之基因型變方不等所佔有（0.03～35.15％）。本研究結果建議：為求正確評估品系之籽粒產量潛力，本所同時在臺中縣霧峰與雲林縣崙背進行春、秋兩期作之品系選拔試驗，乃屬必要。 Twenty peanut lines were grown in replicated yield trials at two locations in spring and fall crops of 1987. Genotype, environment, genotype × environment interaction effects and genetic correlations for kernel yield of peanut were estimated. In order to determine the optimum combination of crops and locations in peanut yield trials, genotype × environment components of variance were partitioned into two parts: one due to difference in genetic correlations from one environment to another and another due to the differences in genotypic variance. (1) Partitoning of 2gxe indicated : a substantial portion (64.85－99.97%) of the 2gxe was due to differences in genetic correlations, and only a small portion (0.03－35.15%) accounted for by differences in genotypic variance from one environment to another. (2) Results from this study suggested: TARI peanut yield trial conducted at four environments (Wufeng and Lungbei in spring and fall crops) is necessary if precision of evaluation and selection are concerned.