利用玉米穗軸及大豆藤栽培草菇之研究

Abstract

為配合本省近年推行水田轉作雜糧之政策，降低草菇生產成本，增加農民之收益，乃將玉米穗軸和大豆藤廢棄纖維質材料進行草菇栽培試驗，按不同比例共為六種處理，並以目前一般栽培草菇之廢棉和稻草為對照，按一般栽培過程及方法管理。本試驗共採收16天，以廢棉（對照1）之產量每坪26.05 公斤為最高，然後依次為稻草加蓋廢棉（對照2）24.46 公斤／坪，50%玉米穗軸（上層）50%大豆藤（下層）加蓋廢棉24.02 公斤／坪，玉米穗軸加蓋廢棉21.04 公斤／坪，50%大豆藤（上層）50%玉米穗軸（下層）加蓋廢棉19.41 公斤／坪，玉米穗軸11.25 公斤／坪，大豆藤加蓋廢棉9.65 公斤／坪，大豆藤8.14 公斤／坪。經由統計分析比較顯示以目前之栽培技術，大豆藤較不適合草菇生長，而玉米穗軸經堆積醱酵處理，可為良好的草菇栽培材料，值得繼續研究推廣。 We attempted to study the possability of using agricultural cellulosic wastes such as corn cobs and soy bean rattans to grow straw mushroom. Straw mushroom is usually grown on rice straw. Our results revealed that cotton waste and paddy straw are the better substrates but corn cobs can also be used as an alternative substrate. The excellent mycelial growth was obtained in the bed of corn cobs which resulted in pinheads formation and the further development of fruiting bodies. The yield of corn cobs covered with cotton waste was not statistically significance with that of paddy straw covered with cotton waste. Soy bean rattan is not suitable for the growth of straw mushroom. The use of soy bean rattan may be hopeless but corn cob is worth to try. However, it should be more thoroughly studied before recommendation to the farmers.