大豆莖潛蠅之發生與生活習性

Abstract

民國 67、68 兩年於臺中萬豐進行大豆莖僭蠅（Melanagromyza sojae）之田間及室內觀察。其田間發生密度在潛蠅類害蟲中為最高，大豆種植後約 40 日植株被害率即達 50%。在 24.5 士 2.4℃ , 75~90% RH 之室內環境下，卵期為 2~7 日，孵化率 71.2%。幼蟲期 6~9 日，其 1~3 齡期分別為 2.3 , 2.5 及 2.9 日，死亡率分別為62.1 , 24.1 及 20.0%。各齡期幼蟲可依其口鉤長度，體長及尾氣孔之外觀而區別。蛹期 6 ~12 日，在 25.6 士 3.1℃ , 70~90% RH 時，成蟲壽命約 19 日，雌蟲一生平均產卵約 171 枚。 The field and laboratory observations of Melanagromyza sojae (Diptera: Agromy-zidae) on soybean were made in the spring of 1978 and 1979 at the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, This insect which attacked 50% of the soybean plants within 40 days after planting was the most serious Agromyzid pest in soybean field. Under the room conditions of 24.5±2.4℃ and 75-90% RH, incubation period of eggs was 2-7 days. Larval growth lasted 6-9 days. The estimated durations of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd stadia were 2.3, 2.5 and 2.9 days, respectively. The natural mortalities of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd instars were 62.1, 24.1 and 20.0%, respectively. Larvae of the 3 instars could be distinguished by the lengths of their mouth hooks, their body lengths, and the morphological characteristics of their caudal spraciles. Pupal period lasted 6-12 days. Under 25.6±3.1℃ and 70-90% RH, adults lived for about 19 days. Female produced on an average 171 eggs.