生長素誘致茶樹扦插生育及發根之研究

Abstract

Zimmerman，Crocker and Hitchcock於1933年（1）發表以化學藥品處理插穗之文獻後，這方面的試驗趨引人注目，幾年後Fischnich and Laibach繼續發表同樣的文章問世。Overbeek J. Van；S，A，Gordon，及L，E，Gregory等（2）諸氏發現插穗內含有多量之炭水化合物與氮素化合物並可誘致插穗之發根。另一方面Went，F，W，and K，V，Thimann (4）認為插穗發根之好壞與插穗本身新芽之生育有關。但是對於促進茶樹插穗發根之利用，世界各產茶國家，雖然對於這方面研究已有相當成績，奈發表之文獻不多，日人Kinoshita，A，Nakayama及S，Harada (3)前者曾發表維他命對茶樹扦插之生根有特殊之關係，後二者研究茶樹品種間經藥劑處理後發根趨勢。 在國內由於各試驗場所幾年來對於這方面之努力，已使茶樹扦插繁殖法，深受一般茶樹繁殖者之重視，本所係自42年開始從事此項試驗，惟於51年後採用IBA，NAA，GA，Sucrose，Agrimycin，等生長素以配合粉質及流質之處理，一方面藉以比較品種間差異或以處理方法之不同探討插穗所受之效應，51年試驗之結果，於粉質處理悉，IBA與GA之混合處理，對於促進插穗之發芽與生根確有甚大之功效，IBA恆因與Sucrose，Agrimycin之混用而失去其效用。致發現Sucrose，Agrimycin不但單獨之處理對插穗之發根無效與IBA配合時反有降低IBA之本能。於流質處理悉，IBA與NAA混台液之浸措確能促進插穗發根之效，還有插穗之腋芽生長與發根及成活率確因茶樹品種間之固有特性而有不同，並且對生長素之效應，亦因品種而異（6）。本試驗的目的，一則再進一層研究生長素對茶樹插穗發芽及生根之效應，藉以改善以往不適當之處理方法，再則欲能建立合理及有效之步驟，以誘致插穗之發芽及生根，並可供嗣後選育優良品系及保存優良品種之依據。 The purposes of this experiment were to confirm the earlier finding (6) and to study the effect of some growth substances hormones on the growth of tea cuttings. It was carried out at the station in 1963/1964. The results of these experiments may be summariged as follows; (1) By immersing the basal end of the cuttings in 50% alcohol, treatment of 2500 ppm for 5 minutes resulted in a better shoot growth than that of the other treatments and this treatment for 120 minutes also gave a better root system. (2) Treatment of IBA and NAA in combination conducted a significant effect on rooting and growth of the axillary bud of tea cutting. At the end of 6 months after the cutting, treatment of IBA, NAA and GA in combination had better on rooting and growth. (3) Treatment with 2500 ppm NAA+2500 ppm 1BA rosulted in a better root system, which treatment in combination with urea solution appeared beneficial effect on rooting and growth of cuttings.