稻種消毒試驗

Abstract

有機汞劑因殘留毒性問題，自全面停止使用後，急需探求非有機汞劑之稻種消毒效果，以代替有機汞劑，乃舉辦本試驗。所得結果簡述如下： 非有機汞劑供試者為Fdcidin，Benlate，Thiophamme，及BenlateT-20等四種，於室內測定浸漬消毒對稻作主要三種病原菌之襲育抑制效果。得知對Pyricularia oryzae之發育皆有良好的抑制效果，但對Cohliobolus miyabeanus之發育抑制效果較差。如果僅對Gibberella fujikuroi之消毒，應浸漬4小時以上方能見效。另如應用拌種方法，可利用Folcidin, Benlate及Benlate T-20，其用藥量以1.0%適當。 田問試驗係針對測定稻苗徒長病之消毒效果，用浸漬消毒方法，以Folcidju, Benlate, Benlate T-20之1,000倍，浸漬4小時之防治效果較佳，另Homai 200倍浸漬12小時之防治效果亦優。 This experiment is aimed at searching for fungicides of non-mercuric compounds instead of mercuric compounds which were prohibited to use on account of their residue problem. The results are summarized as follows: Four non-mercuric compounds of Folcidin, Benlate, Thiphamine and Benlate T-20 were tested in laboratory for their disinfection effect on the inhibition of pathogen development of Pyricularia oryzae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus and Gibberella fujikuroi respectively. The data showed that any of the 4 chemicals could inhibit the development of P. oryzae, but less effect on Cochliobolus miyabeanus. For control of G. fujikuroi, it needs more than 4 hours of immersion treatment to get better result. In addition, either the chemicals of Folcidin, Benlate or Benlate T-20 can be mixed with rice seeds to get good control of the fungi at the concentration of 1%. The field experiment was designed to test the effect of chemicals on G. fujikuroi. The results showed that the treatment of 4 hours immersion with Folcidin, Benlate, or Benlate T-20 at the concentration of 0.1% obtained good control of the disease. The chemical of Homai, however, the best result was come out from the treatment of 12 hours immersion in the 200 times diluted solution.