鬼櫟(Lithocarpus lepidocarpus (Hayata) Hayata)種子的貯藏行為、休眠與種苗育成:The Seed Storage Performance, Seed Dormancy and the Growth of Seedling of Lithocarpus Lepidocarpus (Hayata) Hayata

Abstract

鬼櫟 (Lithocarpus lepidocarpus (Hayata) Hayata)種子採集後4℃濕冷層積，最長可貯存54個月，但高發芽率集中於貯存後的10至12個月；貯藏時期超過24個月，種子發芽活性即漸減弱。未去殼的種子，貯存6個月、10個月、12 個月14個月及24個月後，種殼開裂率(含發芽率)學分別在20%，25%，30%，40%及50~70%；開裂之種子，置於30℃/20℃(光照/黑暗12hr/12hr)下，約可在14天內發根，且根長在2cm以上。貯藏二年期間，只要將具活性的種子之硬殼去除後播種，皆能正常發芽，其平均發芽時間(mean germination time; MGT)在25天以內。去殼後之麵子在室溫下則不耐貯藏，在4℃濕冷層積的條件下，僅可貯藏6個月。種子經濕冷層積貯藏超過12個月後，低溫呵抑制種殼已開裂種子之胚根成長，從而可延長期貯存時滿日6至9個月；但發芽後種子再濕冷層積貯藏10個月，則常見胚根受傷而無法成苗。鬼櫟種子的休眠性與種殼的存在與否，有密切相關外，尚伴有部分生理休眠現象，至於詳細的機制則有待進一步研究。 The seeds of Lithocaprus lepidocarpus (Hayata) Hayata, after being collected and stored at 4℃ chilling stratification, have the longest survival period of 54 moths. However, the highest germination rate is attained after being stored for 10 to 12 months and declined after 24months. If stored at 4℃ chilling stratification, the shell-cracking rate (including germination rate) of seeds with shell was about 20%, 25%,30%,40%, and 50~70% after storage for 6 months, 10 months, 12 months, 14months and 24 moths, respectively. Being put at 30℃/20℃ (under light/dark 12hr/12hr), cracked seeds might grow roots longer than 2cm in 14 days. During 2 years of storage, active seeds after ex-shelling all germinated normally if sowed. The mean germination time (MGT) of above seeds was within 25 days. Ex-shelled seeds were undurable for storage at room temperature, might be stored for only 6 months at 4℃ chilling stratification. Stored at 4℃ chilling stratification for over 12 months, root growth of shell-cracked seeds might be depressed by low temperature and then the storage period might be extended to 6 to 9 months more. But after germination if still stored at 4℃ chilling stratification for 10 months more, roots were often injured and unable to become seedlings. The seeds dormancy of Lithocarpus lepidocarpus is closely related to shell existence and together with some physical dormancy phenomena. However, further research is necessary for the understanding of detailed mechanism.