紅龍果整合性產期調節技術

Abstract

紅龍果環境適應性廣，栽培管理模式化，經濟產值高，已是世界上發展較為成功的新興果樹。由於紅龍果為長日植物，在台灣自然產季之果實盛產期為7月到9月，凸顯產期調節策略對穩定紅龍果週年生產的重要性。因此本文著重在闡述紅龍果產期調節策略與現況。產期調節策略包括自然產季內產 量分布的調節及非產季的果實生產。前者透過疏刪與短截修剪、植物生長調節劑，提高初期的產量，或是利用枝條年齡、疏花與儲藏技術，提高產季末的產量；後者則是透過夜間暗期中斷模式，調節生產冬春季果實。當然，透過屬間雜交育成冬春萌花品系也是一種解決途徑。近年來，藉由整枝修剪、 疏花管理搭配夜間燈照進行整合型的產期調節模式已漸趨發展成熟；然而，許多產期調節所衍生的問題仍迄待解決，因此文中也提供可能的解決方案。 The cultivation of vine pitaya has spread to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. Because of the long day plant nature, the fruit production concentrates between July and September, which reveals the importance of off-season production in stabilizing the year round production in pitaya. Therefore, the current article would focused on the strategies for integrated off-season production and the application current. The two strategies are production adjustment within the inductive season and fruit production in noninductive season. The former can be achieved by thinning cut, heading cut, pruning, and perhaps application of plant growth regulator for the enhance of early production, or by shoot age management, floral thinning and fruit storage for late production. The later was accomplished by applying night-breaking treatment to obtain winter and spring fruits in the noninductive season. In recent years, the development of an integrated production system through shoot pruning, floral thinning, and night-breaking for off-season production in pitaya was getting more matured. However, problems derived from integrated production system are often appeared. Therefore, some tips for trouble shooting would be mentioned in the content as well.