大豆品種改良

Abstract

大豆品種改良計畫目標為選育耐病及高產大豆品種，以提高單位面積產量及降低生產成本，穩定農民收益。本年度試驗結果摘要如下：(1)已完成10 組雜交組合獲得253 粒F1種子。(2)進行雜交後代F2 至F6 世代分離與培育，並從F6 世代選拔206 個優良單株。(3)株行試驗汰劣擇優選留89 個晉級。(4)大豆品系試驗則以TS06-01S 及TS05-10B 表現較佳，產量高於對照品種。(5) 區域試驗則以TS04-35B 及TS04-09S 表現較佳，產量高於對照品種。(6)育成黑豆臺南11 號，產量高、耐白粉病及抗氧化力優於臺南3 號，籽實產量每公頃春作3,018 kg，秋作3,142 kg。 The purpose of this breeding program is to develop new soybean varieties with high yield and resistance to diseases to reduce the cost of production and to stabilize farmer's income. The results in 2017 were summarized as follows: (1) A total of 253 F1 hybrid seeds were obtained from 10 new cross combinations. (2) In the propagation and selection trails, bulk and SPD method were applied to propagation F2-F6 generations, and 206 superior single plants of F6 generations were selected. (3)In the plants-to-row trial, 89 promising strains with good performance were selected. (4) In the line yield trial of soybean, TS06-01S and TS05-10B were higher yield than check variety. (5) In the regional yield trial of soybean, TS04-35B and TS04-09S were higher yield than check variety. (6)Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station released a new black soybean variety in June, 2017. The variety then was named black soybean variety Tainan No. 11 in 2017. It was many characteristics better than black soybean Tainan No.3, such as high yielding, resistant to powdery mildew, and higher antioxidant capacity. The average yield is 3,018 kg/ha in the spring crop and 3,142 kg/ha in the fall crop.