樹豆品種 (系) 雜交後代選育

Abstract

樹豆在臺東縣原住民部落地區普遍種植，為原住民的傳統作物，已被視為一種健康食品。目前國內地方品系均有成熟期不一致且低產之現象，造成採收及管理上的困擾，為解決上述之問題，擬以人工雜交授粉方式，並於後代選育出高產及成熟期一致之雜交新品種，供農民種植。本場於99-101 年以人工雜交方式獲得其雜交種子，試驗結果顯示，雜交F6 的材料中以S-95×臺東3 號品系的成熟莢數及單株粒重表現較佳，分別為183.1 個及63.1 公克；F5 品系以臺東2號×S-76 的成熟莢數及單株粒重最高，為189.5 個及62.1 公克；F4 品系中則以臺東2 號×TS221的組合之農藝性狀表現較佳，成熟莢數為127.4 個，單株粒重為58.9 公克。期望將來於雜交後代選育出高產及成熟期一致之新品種，供農民種植，以增加農民收益。 Pigeon pea, which is a kind of traditional indigenous crops and considered a health food, is planted and cultivated generally in the areas of aboriginal in Taitung. Presently, since there is a maturity inconsistent and low-yielding phenomenon on the domestic local strains which would cause the troubles in harvesting and management. In order to solve the above issues, intend to adopt the methods of artificial hybridization, emasculation and pollination during the period of pigeon pea flowering. Afterwards, to select out the new species which is high production and consistent in maturity so as to provide the new hybrid varieties for farmers to plant. Among 2010–2012, by using artificial hybridization to obtain the hybrid seeds in this field, and the results of the test showed as follows: during the Hybrid F6 materials, the number of mature pods and grain weight per plant's of S-95×Taitung No. 3 performance were better, respectively were 183.1 and 63.1 g. In the F5 strains, the number of mature pods and grain weight per plant's of Taitung No. 2 × S-76 performance were the highest, which were 189.5 and 62.1 g respectively. And in the F4 strain, the agronomic characters' performance of Taitung No.2×TS221 was better, which the number of mature pods was 127.4, and the grain weight per plant was 58.9 g. Expecting this new variety could offer the famers to plant for increasing their income in the future.